Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 240 > chapter 10 > Flashcards

chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

autotrophs

A

producers “self feeders”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

photoautotrophes

A

use sunlight to make food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

heterotrophs

A

consumers
get energy from other organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chloroplast

A

site of photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mesophyll cells

A

internal cells in chloroplasts where photosynthesis occures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

stomata

A

tiny pores in the leaf that plants can open and close base on environmental conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

stroma

A

dense fluid in the chloroplasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thylakoids

A

connected sacs in the chloroplast that composes a third membrane system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

thylakoid space

A

space inside the thylakoid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

chlorophyll

A

pigment that makes plants green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is oxidized in photosynthesis and what is reduces

A

H2O oxidized
CO2 reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is photosynthesis endergonic or exergonic reaction

A

endergonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

parts of photosynthesis

A

light reactions and Calvin cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

steps of light reactions

A

get electrons and H+ from splitting H2O
release O2
Reduce the electron acceptor from NADP+ to NADPH
get ATP from ADP by phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the calvin cycle do

A

makes sugar from CO2 using the ATP and NADPH from light reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

carbon fixation

A

incorporating CO2 into organic molecules (start of calvin cycle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where does the calvin cycle happen

A

in the stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where do the light reactions happen

A

thylakoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

wavelength

A

distance between the crests of electromagnetic waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

the range of electromagnetic energy or radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

visible light

A

wavelengths 380 nm to 740 nm
colors seen by the human eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

photons

A

partial of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

pigments

A

absorb visible light

24
Q

spectrophotometer

A

measures a pigment’s ability to absorb various wavelength

25
Q

chlorophyll a

A

the key light capturing pigment that participates directly in light reactions

26
Q

chlorophyll b

A

accessory pigment

27
Q

action spectrum

A

a profile of relative effectiveness of different wavelengths

28
Q

why is the absorbable different between chlorophyll a and b

A

the structure is slightly different

29
Q

carotenoids

A

yellow or orange accessory pigments that absorb violet and blue-green light

30
Q

photosystem

A

has a reaction-center complex surrounded by light harvesting complexes

31
Q

reaction-center complex

A

an association of proteins holding a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules and a primary electron acceptor

32
Q

light harvesting complex

A

has various pigment molecules bound to proteins

33
Q

primary electron acceptor

A

in the reaction center accepts excited electrons and is reduced as a result

34
Q

photosystem II (PSII)

A

(1st) called P680
its reaction-center chlorophyll is best at absorbing light

35
Q

photosystem I (PSI)

A

(best at absorbing light with a wavelength of 700

36
Q

linear electron flow

A

the primary pathway, involves both photosystem and produces atp and NADH using light energy

37
Q

cyclic electron flow

A

excited electrons cycle back from Fd to cytochrome complex instead of being transferred to NADP+
- produces extra atp but no oxygen

38
Q

what side is ATP and NAPH made in photosynthesis

A

stroma side of the thylakoid membrane (making them availible in the calvin cycle)

39
Q

is the calvin cycle catabolic or anabolic

A

anabolic because it bilds sugars from smaller molecules

40
Q

how does carbon enter the calvincycle

A

CO2

41
Q

how does carbon leave the calvin cycle

A

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)

42
Q

how many turns in the calvin cycyle to make G3P

A

3

43
Q

phase 1 of calvin cycle

A

carbon fixation

44
Q

carbon fixation

A

binding CO2 to a five-carbon sugar which is catalyzed by rubisco
- six carbon molecule is split into two 3-phosphoglycerate

45
Q

reduction

A

-Each molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate is phosphorylated by ATP and reduction by NADPH to ultimately produce a G3P sugar
- For every three CO2 molecules that enter the cycle, six molecules of G3P are formed
-Only one of these can be counted as a net gain of carbohydrate

46
Q

regeneration of CO2 acceptor

A

-The remaining five molecules of G3P are rearranged in a complex series of reactions yielding three molecules of RuBP
-Three additional molecules of ATP are used to facilitate the regeneration of RuBP

47
Q

for one G3P how many atp and nadph are needed?

A

9 atp and 6 nadph

48
Q

what happens when it is hot and dry to plants

A

close stomata to conserve H2Obut limits photosynthesis

49
Q

photorespiration

A

plat closing stomata and reducing acess to CO2 and building up O2

50
Q

C3 plants

A

the initial fixation of CO2, via rubisco, forms a three carbon compound (most plants)

51
Q

photorespiration

A

rubisco binds to O2 instead of CO2 producing a two carbon compound

52
Q

why is photorespiration bad

A

t consumes O2 and organic fuel withought making atp

53
Q

how much energy is being wasted through photorespiration

A

50%

54
Q

C4 plants

A

take CO2 and make a 4 carbon compund then release CO2 when it is needed to make rubisco work better

55
Q

which uses less water C4 or C3 plants

A

c4

56
Q

how many G3P in glucose?

A

2

BIOL 240 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions