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chapter19 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Active acquired immunity

A

long-term immunity protects the body against new infection

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2
Q

Apnea

A

absence of spontaneoud respiration

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3
Q

Chicken Pox (Varicella)

A

Viral disease, vacine varicella-zoster virus

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4
Q

Cleft Lip

A

Congenital defect, open space between nasal cavity and lip

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5
Q

Cleft Palate

A

Failure of the hard palate to fuse

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6
Q

Congenital

A

Present at birth

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7
Q

Croup

A

Barking cough, stridor andlaryngeal spasm

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8
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undesended testicle- absence of one or both testicles from scrotum

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9
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration of the skin

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10
Q

Dentition

A

eruption of teeth

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11
Q

Diphtheria

A

infectious disease, cause bacteria, white coating in airways sore throat and fever vacine DPT

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12
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Congenital condition with multiple defects and varying degrees of mental retatdation

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13
Q

Dwarfism

A

Generalized growth retatdation of the body, deficiency of human growth hormone

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14
Q

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

A

Hemolytic anemia due to incompatibility involving RH factors

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15
Q

Esophageal Atresia

A

Congenital abnormality of esophagus

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16
Q

Febrile

A

Pertaining to elevated body tempature

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17
Q

gigantism

A

overgrowth of bodys tissue due to the hypersecretion of human growth hormone before puberty

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18
Q

Hyaline Membrane Disease

A

Servere impairment of respiration in premature newborn , respiratory distress syndrome RDS

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19
Q

Hydrocepalus

A

Congenital, abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain

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20
Q

Immunity

A

State of being immune to or protected from a disease

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21
Q

Immunization

A

Process of creating immunity to a specific disease

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22
Q

Impetigo

A

skin infection, bacterial streptococcus

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23
Q

Microcephalus

A

Abnormal smallness of head in relation to the rest of the body

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24
Q

Mumps (infectious Parotitis)

A

viral infection, cause mumps virus vacine MMR

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25
Q

Neonatology

A

Medical specialty dealing with diseases an abnormalities of newborns

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26
Q

omphalitis

A

inflammation of umbilical stump

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27
Q

omphalocele

A

congenital herniation of intra-abdominal viscera

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28
Q

omphalorrhea

A

drainage from the umbilicus (navel)

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29
Q

Passive acquired immunity

A

antibodies transmitted naturaly through the placenta to fetus

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30
Q

Pediatrician

A

A physician who specializes in care and treatment of children

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31
Q

Pertussis (whooping Cough)

A

upper respiratory infectous disease, bacterial infection, vaccine- DPT

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32
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever

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33
Q

recumbent

A

lying down

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34
Q

Reye’s Syndrome

A

edema of the brain and increased intracranial pressure

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35
Q

Rubella (German Measles)

A

viral infection, cause rubella virus, vacine MMR 3day infection

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36
Q

Rubeloa (Red Measles)

A

Viral infection, cause measles virus, vacine MMR, 7 day infection

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37
Q

Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)

A

bacterial infection, contagous disease, strawberry tounge, and pointlike bright red rash

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38
Q

spina bifida occulta

A

congenital defect of the central nervous system in which the back portion of one or more vertebrae is not closed

39
Q

Stridor

A

high pitched musical sound when breathing in

40
Q

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

A

“Crib death” the unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well, or virtually well, infant

41
Q

tay-sachs disease

A

disorder caused by altered lipid metabolism due to an enzyme deficiency

42
Q

Toxoid

A

modified substance to decrease its toxic effect and retains ability to produce antibodies

43
Q

Umbilical Hernia

A

Protrusion of the intestine through a weakness in the abnominal wall near the umbilicus

44
Q

Vaccine

A

made from weakened or killed microorganisms or toxoids

45
Q

Vertex

A

Top of head, Crown

46
Q

wheezing

A

high-pitched sound heard on inspiration and expiration

47
Q

cephal/o

A

head

48
Q

cryot/o

A

hidden

49
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccine

50
Q

DS

A

down syndrome

51
Q

HMD

A

hayline membrane disease

52
Q

MMR

A

measles-mumps-rubella Vaccine

53
Q

nat/o

A

birth

54
Q

ne/o

A

new

55
Q

omphal/o

A

navel

56
Q

pedi/a

A

child

57
Q

pyr/o

A

fire, heat

58
Q

rose/o

A

rose colored

59
Q

SIDS

A

sudden infant death syndrome

60
Q

Tb

A

tuberculosis

61
Q

tympan/o

A

eardrum

62
Q

apical pulse

A

heart rate as heard with a stethoscope placed on the chest wall adjacent to the cardiac apex

63
Q

autism

A

developmental disorder in which the individual is extremely withdrawn and absorbed with fantasy

64
Q

axillary temperature

A

temperature taken by thermometer placed in armpit

65
Q

crackles

A

abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation of chest during inspiration- discontinuous bubbling noises

66
Q

deciduous teeth

A

primary teeth or baby teeth first set

67
Q

development

A

increase in function and complexity that results through learning and growth

68
Q

friction rub

A

dry, grating sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation

69
Q

growth

A

increase in the whole or any of its parts physically

70
Q

head circumference

A

measurement around the greatest circumference of the head of an infant

71
Q

infant

A

child in the earliest stage of life

72
Q

lumbar puncture

A

hollow needle inserted into the spinal canal

73
Q

length recumbent

A

lying down

74
Q

natural immunity

A

immunity from a specific disease

75
Q

neonatologist

A

medical doctor who specializes in neonatology

76
Q

nomogram

A

graphic representation of a numeric relationship

77
Q

pediatrics

A

preventive and primary health care and treatment of children, study of childhood diseases

78
Q

retractions

A

displacement of tissues to expose a part or structure of the body

79
Q

stature

A

natural height of a person in the upright position

80
Q

tympanic temp

A

temp taken via the eardrum

81
Q

well-child visit

A

health visit with professionals to assess the current health of a child

82
Q

erythema infectiosum

A

viral disease which face appears as slapped checks, a fiery red rash on cheeks

83
Q

roseola infantum

A

viral disease sudden onset of high fever for 3-4 days

84
Q

club foot

A

talipes equinovarus

85
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

heart defect in which there is localized narrowing of the aorta

86
Q

hydrocele

A

accumulation of fluid in the scrotal sac or spermatic cord

87
Q

epispadias

A

birth defect urethra opens on upper side of penis at same point near the glans

88
Q

hypospadias

A

defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis insted of the end

89
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of a portion of the proximal intestine into distal intestine causing an obstruction

90
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta

91
Q

phimosis

A

a tightness of the foreskin

92
Q

shaken baby syndrome (SBS)

A

child abuse, repetitive violent shaking

93
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A

congenital heart anomaly consists of four defects

94
Q

transposition of the great vessels

A

two major arteries of the heart are reversed in position

medical terminology1 (14 decks)

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