chapter 21 Flashcards
1
Q
ana
A
not, without
2
Q
blast
A
embryonic stage of development
3
Q
Bx,bx
A
biopsy
4
Q
Ca
A
cancer
5
Q
carcin/o
A
cancer
6
Q
chem/o
A
pertaining to a chemical, drug
7
Q
cry/o
A
cold
8
Q
fibr/o
A
pertaining to fiber
9
Q
meta-
A
beyond, after
10
Q
mets
A
metastasis
11
Q
oma
A
tumor
12
Q
plasia
A
formation or growth
13
Q
plasm
A
living substance
14
Q
PSA
A
prostate- specific antigen
15
Q
Rtx
A
radiation therapy
16
Q
sarc/o
A
flesh
17
Q
TNM
A
tumor, nodes, metastasis (staging)
18
Q
ABCDs of malignant melanomas
A
Asymmetry, Borders, Color, Diameter
19
Q
Adjuvant therapy
A
treatment with additional therapy to enhance the primary therapy
20
Q
Anaplasia
A
Loss of cellular differentiation and reversion to a more primitive form
21
Q
Antineoplastic
A
pertaining to substance, procedure, or measure that preents proliferation of malignant cells
22
Q
Basal Cell Carcinoma
A
most common malignant tumor of epithelial tissue
23
Q
Benign
A
noncancerous
24
Q
Bronchogenic Carcinoma
A
malignant lung tumor that orginates in bronchi
25
cacinoma in situ
a premalignant neoplasm, tumor
26
cancer
a neoplasm
27
carcinogen
of cancer substance or agent that causes the development or increases the incidence
28
Carcinoma
occurs in epithelial tissue, malignant neoplasm
29
Carcinoma of the breast
a malignant tumor of the breast tissue
30
Caution
C: change in bowel or bladder habits
31
Caution
A: a sore that does not heal
32
Caution
U: unusual bleeding or discharge
33
Caution
T: thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
34
Caution
I: indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
35
Caution
O: obvious change in a wart or mole
36
Caution
N: nagging cough or hoarseness
37
Chemotherapy
use of cytotoxic drugs and chemicals to achieve a cure, decrease tumor size, relief of pain
38
cytotoxic
pertaining to being destructive to cells
39
Differentiation
immature cells become specialized and differentiated both physically and functionally look and act like the parent cell or tissue of organ
40
Encapsulated
enclosed in a fibrous/ membranous sheath
41
Fractionation
Division of the total dose of radiation into smaller doses
42
grading
measures the extent to which tumor cells differ from their parent tissue
43
immunotherapy
changing the relationship between a tumor and the host
44
interacranial tumor
occur in any structural region of the brain
45
invasive
a tendency to sread, infiltrate, and intrude
46
ionizing radiation
high-energy x-ray kills cells or retard growth
47
Kaposi's Sarcoma
rare malignant lesions, spread throughout the skin associated with AIDS
48
linear accelerator
apparatus for accelerating charged subomic particles
49
lumpectomy
surgical removal of only the tumor and the immediate adjacent breast
50
lymphoma
typically malignant beginning with a painless enlarged lymph node
51
Malignant
tending to become worse and cause death
52
malignant melanoma
skin tumor orginating from melanocytes
53
Metastases
tumors that have spread to other parts of the body
54
Metastasis
process by which malignant cells spread to other parts of the body
55
Modality
treatment method
56
mohs surgery
treatment procedure for skin cancer
57
Morbidity
illness or abnormal condition, diseased
58
Mutation
change, transformation in a gene
59
Neoplasia
any abnormal growth of new cells
60
Neoplasm
abnormal growth of cells (tumor)
61
neuroblastoma
malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system
62
oncogenesis
the formation of a tumor
63
Oncology
Study of tumors (generally study of malignant tumors)
64
Oral Leukoplakia
precancerous lesion occurring anywhere in the mouth
65
pap smear
method for examining stained exfoliated cells
66
Papilloma
benign epithelial neoplasm (tumor)
67
Pedunculated
pertaining to a structure with a stalk
68
Primary site
site at which a malignant neoplasm first appeared
69
Ptotocol
written plan/ description of the steps to be taken for treatment
70
radiation
the emission of energy, rays, or waves
71
Radiation therapy
delivery of ionizing radiation to interrupt cellular growth
72
Relapse
Exhibiting again the symptoms of a disease from which a patient appears to have recovered
73
Remmission
partial/ complete dissapperance of the symptoms of a chronic/ malignant disease
74
Sarcoma
originate from supportive and connective tissue
75
Sessile
attached by a base rather than by a stalk
76
Squamous cell carcinoma
squamous or scalelike cells of the epithelial tissue
77
staging
the exent of disease and relative size of the tumor
78
stem cell
a formative cell
79
TNM Staging classification system
T: tumor size, N: degree of reginal lymph node involvement, M: presence or absance of distant metastases
80
tumor
new growth of tissue uncontrolled growth of cells
81
verrucous
rough, warty
82
Wilm's Tumor
tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood
83
adjuvant
substance added to a prescription to aid the main ingredient
84
antimetabolite
drugs used to treat cancer
85
dedifferentiation
cells revert to a primitive form
86
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
nucleic acid molecule found in the chromosomes of the nucleus
87
hyperplasia
increase in the number of cells of a body part (excessive formation)
88
infiltrative
ability to invade or penetrate adjacent tissue
89
mitosis
cell division results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells
90
mixed-tissue tumor
a growth of more than one type of neoplastic tissue
91
oncogene
a gene in a virus that can cause a cell to become malignant
92
oncologist
one who specializes in the study and treatment of neoplastic diseases, cancer
93
papillary
pertaining to a papilla (nipple-like projection)
94
radiocurable tumor
susceptibility of tumor cells to destruction by radiation
95
radioresistant tumor
tumor that resists the effects of radiation
96
radioresponsive tumor
tumor that reacts favorably to radiation
97
radiosensitive tumor
tumor capable of being changed by or reacting to radioactive emissions
98
radiotherapy
treatment of disease by using x-rays or gamma rays
99
RNA ribonucleic acid
acid found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells that transmits genetic instructions
100
scirrhous
pertaining to carcinoma with a hard structure
101
cyst/o
bladder,sac,or cyst
102
epi
upon, over
103
papill/o
resembling a nipple
104
radi/o
radiation
105
scirrh/o
hard
106
breast cancer (carcinoma of the breast)
malignant tumor of the breast tissue
107
cervical carcinoma
malignant tumor of the cervix
108
colorectal cancer
malignant neoplasm in the large intestine
109
endometrial carcinoma
tumor of the inner lining of the uterus (adenocarcinoma of the uterus)
110
ovarian carcinoma
tumor of the ovaries
111
pancreatic cancer
life-threatening neoplasm found in the head of the pancreas
112
prostatic cancer (carcinoma of the prostate)
a growth within the prostate gland
113
renal cell carcinoma
tumor of the kidney occurs in adulthood
114
testicular cancer (carcinoma of the testes)
tumor of the testicle appears as a painless lump in the testicle
115
thyroid cancer (cancer of the thyroid gland)
tumor of the thyroid gland that leads to dysfunction of the gland
116
tumors, metastatic intracranial
tumors occurring as a result of metastasis from a primary site, lung or breast
117
tumors, primary intracranial
tumors that arise from gliomas (malignant glial cells support nerve tissue)
