Chapter Two Flashcards
uses previous knowledge to gather and interpret the stimuli registered by the senses
perception
when identifying a complex arrangement of stimuli, you can perceive that one stimulus is different than all the rest
object recognition
the object that you are viewing is the ____ stimulus
distal stimulus
the information of an image that is registered on the sensory receptors in your eye is the ____ stimulus
proximal stimulus
the storage system that records information from each of the senses
sensory memory
storage system that reserves an image of a visual stimulus for a brief period after the stimulus is gone
iconic or visual sensory memory
the first place that information from the eyes is combined
the primary visual cortex
theory that says that humans have a basic tendency to organize, seeing patterns with little effort
gestalt psychology
when two areas share a common boundary, the _____ has a distinct shape that is separate from the _____, the leftover region forming the background
figure, ground
when the figure and ground have a tendency to switch from time to time
ambiguous figure-ground relationship
seeing edges that are not actually present in a stimulus
illusory contours (subjective contours)
model where the visual system compares a new stimulus with a set of templates stored in memory
template matching models
model where a visual stimulus is composed of distinctive features to identify it
feature-analysis theory
model where the specific view of an object can be represented as an arrangement of simple 3-D shapes called geons
recognition by components theory
model where we store multiple views of three-dimensional objects rather than just one view
viewer centered approach
type of processing where we recognize an object and then pass that information onto the perceptual system
bottom-up processing
type of processing where a person’s concepts, expectations, and memory can influence how we recognize an object
top-down processing
we identify a single letter more accurately when it appears in a word rather than by itself
word superiority effect
failing to detect a change in an object or a scene
change blindness
when paying attention to some events in a scene we may fail to notice an unexpected but completely visible object suddenly appears
inattentional blindness
turning environmental stimuli into things the brain understands (like action potential)
transduction
