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Psychology 150 > Chapter Ten: Emotion and Motivation > Flashcards

Chapter Ten: Emotion and Motivation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal?

A

Motivation

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2
Q

What type of motivation arises from internal factors?

A

Intrinsic Motivaiton

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3
Q

What type of motivation arises from external factors?

A

Extrinsic Motivation

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4
Q

Autonomy, Mastery, and Purpose:

A

Intrinsic

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5
Q

Compensation, Punishment, and Reward:

A

Extrinsic

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6
Q

What is behavior that is not learned called?

A

Instinct

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7
Q

When a need is satisfied, drive is reduced, and the organism returns to a state of homeostasis. It is called:

A

Drive Theory

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8
Q

What is a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage called?

A

Habit

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9
Q

The principle where a simple task is best performed when arousal levels are high and complex tasks are best performed when arousal levels are low is called:

A

Yerkes-Dodson Law

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10
Q

What is an individuals belief in their own capability to complete a task due to previous completion of the same or similar tasks?

A

Self-Efficacy

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11
Q

What spans the spectrum of motives ranging from the biological to the individual to the social?

A

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

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12
Q

What is the feeling of fullness and satisfaction that stops eating behavior?

A

Satiation

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13
Q

What satiety hormone do fat cells release?

A

Leptin

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14
Q

What is the amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time called?

A

Metabolic Rate

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15
Q

When each individual has an ideal body weight or set-point, which is resistant to change called?

A

Set-Point Theory

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16
Q

When an adult has a BMI between 25 to 29.9, they are:

A

Overweight

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17
Q

When an adult has a BMI of 30 or higher, they are:

A

Obese

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18
Q

When an adult has a BMI over 40, they have:

A

Morbid Obesity

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19
Q

What is the surgery that is aimed at weight reduction by modifying the gastrointestinal system to limit food eaten and limit the absorption of food?

A

Bariatric Surgery

20
Q

What is it called to engage in binge eating behavior followed by purging through vomiting or the use of laxatives?

A

Bulimia Nervosa

21
Q

What is it called to engage in binge eating behavior followed by distress, guilt, and embarrassment?

A

Binge Eating Disorder

22
Q

What is the maintenance of a bodyweight well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise called?

A

Anorexia Nervosa

23
Q

What is it called to view oneself as overweight when they are not?

A

Distorted Body Image

24
Q

What are an individual’s emotional and erotic attractions called?

A

Sexual Orientation

25
Q

What is a same-sex attraction called?

A

Homosexuality

26
Q

What is an opposite-sex attraction called?

A

Heterosexuality

27
Q

What is both a same-sex and opposite-sex attraction called?

A

Bisexuality

28
Q

What is the division of sex into four phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution called?

A

Sexual Response Cycle

29
Q

What is the sexual response phase marked by the erection of the penis or clitoris and lubrication/expansion of the vaginal canal?

A

Excitement Phase

30
Q

What is the sexual response phase marked by swelling of the vagina, increased blood flow, full erection, production of pre-ejaculatory fluid, and increased muscle tone?

A

Plateau Phase

31
Q

What is the sexual response phase marked by rhythmic contractions of the uterus or build-up of seminal fluid forced out by pelvic contractions?

A

Orgasm

32
Q

What is the sexual response phase marked by the rapid return to an unaroused state accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure and muscle relaxation?

A

Resolution

33
Q

What is the period of time that follows an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?

A

Refractory Period

34
Q

What is one’s sense of being male or female called?

A

Gender Identity

35
Q

What is the diagnostic category that describes individuals who do not identity as the gender that most people would assume they are?

A

Gender Dysphoria

36
Q

What is it called when people make an attempt to make their bodies appear like the opposite sex?

A

Transgender Hormone Therapy

37
Q

What is the subjective state of being that we often describe as our feelings?

A

Emotion

38
Q

What are the combinations of physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experiences called?

A

Components of Emotion

39
Q

What is the belief that bodily changes come first and form the basis of an emotional experience?

A

James-Lange Theory

40
Q

What is the belief that physiological arousal and emotional experience can occur simultaneously, yet independently?

A

Cannon-Bard Theory

41
Q

What is the belief that physiological arousal determines the strength of the emotion, while cognitive appraisal identifies the emotion label?

A

Schachter-Singer Two Factor Theory

42
Q

What is the part of the amygdala that stimulates the fear response and plays a part in classical conditioning, and attaches emotional value to learning processes and memory?

A

Basolateral Complex

43
Q

What is the part of the hypothalamus that plays a role in attention and regulates the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems’ activity?

A

Central Nucleus

44
Q

What is the collection of culturally specific standards that governs the display of emotions that are acceptable?

A

Cultural Display Rule

45
Q

What are the facial expressions that are capable of influencing other’s emotions called?

A

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

46
Q

What is the expression of emotions in terms of body position or movement?

A

Body Language

Psychology 150 (9 decks)

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