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Psychology 150 > Chapter Fifteen: Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter Fifteen: Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors?

A

Psychological Disorders

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2
Q

What is the study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment?

A

Psychopathology

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3
Q

What are the causes of psychological disorders called?

A

Etology

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4
Q

What is it called when you deviate from the norm?

A

Atypical

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5
Q

Who defined psychological disorders as harmful dysfunctions?

A

Wakefield

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6
Q

According to the ____ ____ ____, a psychological disorder consists of significant disturbances in thoughts and behaviors, disturbances that lead to distress or disability, and disturbances that do not reflect expected responses.

A

American Psychiatric Association (APA)

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7
Q

What is the appropriate identification or label of a set of defined symptoms?

A

Diagnosis

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8
Q

What is the co-occurrence of two disorders called?

A

Comorbidity

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9
Q

What is the label that psychological disorders are attributed to a force beyond scientific reasoning?

A

Supernatural

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10
Q

What integrates biological and psychosocial factors to predict the likelihood of a disorder?

A

Diathesis-Stress Model

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11
Q

What is the disorder characterized by excessive and persistent fear and by related disturbances in behavior?

A

Anxiety Disorder

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12
Q

What are the excessive, persistent fears about specific objects or situations?

A

Phobias

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13
Q

What is the extreme fear of social situations?

A

Social Anxiety Disorder

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14
Q

What are the mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations?

A

Safety Behaviors

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15
Q

What is the anxiety disorder where regular, unexpected panic attacks occur?

A

Panic Disorder

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16
Q

What is a period of extreme fear that develops abruptly and reaches a peak within 10 minutes?

A

Panic Attack

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17
Q

What is a region of the brain that plays a part in panic disorders?

A

Locus Coeruleus

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18
Q

What is a relatively continuous state of excessive, worry and apprehension?

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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19
Q

What are the disorders characterized by intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repeated behaviors?

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

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20
Q

What is the preoccupation with a flaw in physical appearance that is either non-existent or barely noticeable to others?

A

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

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21
Q

When people cannot bare to part with valueless, physical possessions, it is called:

A

Hoarding Disorder

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22
Q

The ____ ____ plays a critical role in OCD.

A

Orbitofrontal Cortex

23
Q

What are intrusive, distressing memories of a past event?

A

Flashbacks

24
Q

What are the disturbances in mood, severe depression, mania, and elation called? Examples include depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.

A

Mood Disorders

25
Q

What is the state of extreme elation and agitation?

A

Mania

26
Q

What are the thoughts of death, thinking or planning suicide, or attempting suicide called?

A

Suicidal Ideation

27
Q

When a person experiences symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder during a particular time of year, it is called:

A

Seasonal Pattern

28
Q

What are the symptoms of depression called after having a baby?

A

Postpartum or Peripartum Onset

29
Q

What is the experience of depressed moods for most of the day, nearly every day for at least two years?

A

Persistent Depressive Disorder

30
Q

What is the erratic talking and/or jumping between ideas or thoughts called?

A

Flight of Ideas

31
Q

What is the particular style of negative thinking to a sense of hopelessness to depression?

A

Hopelessness Theory

32
Q

What is the repetitive and passive focus on the fact that one is depressed?

A

Rumination

33
Q

What are the perceptual experiences that occur in the absence of external stimulation?

A

Hallucination

34
Q

What are the beliefs that are contrary to reality and are firmly held even with contradictory evidence?

A

Delusions

35
Q

What is the belief that others are plotting against them?

A

Paranoid Delusion

36
Q

What is the belief that something highly abnormal is happening to one’s body?

A

Somatic Delusion

37
Q

What is the belief that one holds special powers, unique knowledge, or is extremely important?

A

Grandiose Delusion

38
Q

What is the disjointed and incoherent thought process, usually detected by what a person says?

A

Disorganized Thinking

39
Q

What are unusual, child-like movements and behaviors like giggling and self-absorbed smiling?

A

Disorganized Motor Behavior

40
Q

What is decreased reactivity to the environment?

A

Catatonic Behavior

41
Q

What reflects decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

A

Negative Symptoms

42
Q

When an overabundance of dopamine or dopamine receptors is responsible for the onset and maintenance of schizophrenia, it is called:

A

Dopamine Hypothesis

43
Q

Early signs of Schizophrenia like paranoia, delusions, and problems at work or school are called ____ ____.

A

Prodromal Symptoms

44
Q

People will Schizophrenia have enlarged ____.

A

Ventricles

45
Q

What is the inability to recall important information following traumatic experiences?

A

Dissociative Amnesia

46
Q

What is it called when someone wanders from home, experience confusion about their identity, or adopt a new identity?

A

Dissociative Fugue

47
Q

What are recurring episodes of unfamiliarity with one’s self or the world?

A

Depersonalization or Derealization Disorder

48
Q

What is it called when a person exhibits two or more separate personalities, distinct from each other?

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder

49
Q

What is the instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, mood, and marked impulsivity?

A

Borderline Personality Disorder

50
Q

What is it called when someone shows no regard for others’ rights or feelings?

A

Antisocial Personality Disorder

51
Q

What disorders involve developmental problems in personal, social, academic, and intellectual functioning?

A

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

52
Q

What is a behavioral condition that makes focusing on everyday routines challenging?

A

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

53
Q

What is a complex developmental condition with persistent challenges with social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behavior?

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Psychology 150 (9 decks)

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