Chapter Fifteen: Psychological Disorders Flashcards
What is a condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors?
Psychological Disorders
What is the study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment?
Psychopathology
What are the causes of psychological disorders called?
Etology
What is it called when you deviate from the norm?
Atypical
Who defined psychological disorders as harmful dysfunctions?
Wakefield
According to the ____ ____ ____, a psychological disorder consists of significant disturbances in thoughts and behaviors, disturbances that lead to distress or disability, and disturbances that do not reflect expected responses.
American Psychiatric Association (APA)
What is the appropriate identification or label of a set of defined symptoms?
Diagnosis
What is the co-occurrence of two disorders called?
Comorbidity
What is the label that psychological disorders are attributed to a force beyond scientific reasoning?
Supernatural
What integrates biological and psychosocial factors to predict the likelihood of a disorder?
Diathesis-Stress Model
What is the disorder characterized by excessive and persistent fear and by related disturbances in behavior?
Anxiety Disorder
What are the excessive, persistent fears about specific objects or situations?
Phobias
What is the extreme fear of social situations?
Social Anxiety Disorder
What are the mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations?
Safety Behaviors
What is the anxiety disorder where regular, unexpected panic attacks occur?
Panic Disorder
What is a period of extreme fear that develops abruptly and reaches a peak within 10 minutes?
Panic Attack
What is a region of the brain that plays a part in panic disorders?
Locus Coeruleus
What is a relatively continuous state of excessive, worry and apprehension?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
What are the disorders characterized by intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repeated behaviors?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
What is the preoccupation with a flaw in physical appearance that is either non-existent or barely noticeable to others?
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
When people cannot bare to part with valueless, physical possessions, it is called:
Hoarding Disorder
The ____ ____ plays a critical role in OCD.
Orbitofrontal Cortex
What are intrusive, distressing memories of a past event?
Flashbacks
What are the disturbances in mood, severe depression, mania, and elation called? Examples include depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.
Mood Disorders
What is the state of extreme elation and agitation?
Mania
What are the thoughts of death, thinking or planning suicide, or attempting suicide called?
Suicidal Ideation
When a person experiences symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder during a particular time of year, it is called:
Seasonal Pattern
What are the symptoms of depression called after having a baby?
Postpartum or Peripartum Onset
What is the experience of depressed moods for most of the day, nearly every day for at least two years?
Persistent Depressive Disorder
What is the erratic talking and/or jumping between ideas or thoughts called?
Flight of Ideas
What is the particular style of negative thinking to a sense of hopelessness to depression?
Hopelessness Theory
What is the repetitive and passive focus on the fact that one is depressed?
Rumination
What are the perceptual experiences that occur in the absence of external stimulation?
Hallucination
What are the beliefs that are contrary to reality and are firmly held even with contradictory evidence?
Delusions
What is the belief that others are plotting against them?
Paranoid Delusion
What is the belief that something highly abnormal is happening to one’s body?
Somatic Delusion
What is the belief that one holds special powers, unique knowledge, or is extremely important?
Grandiose Delusion
What is the disjointed and incoherent thought process, usually detected by what a person says?
Disorganized Thinking
What are unusual, child-like movements and behaviors like giggling and self-absorbed smiling?
Disorganized Motor Behavior
What is decreased reactivity to the environment?
Catatonic Behavior
What reflects decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?
Negative Symptoms
When an overabundance of dopamine or dopamine receptors is responsible for the onset and maintenance of schizophrenia, it is called:
Dopamine Hypothesis
Early signs of Schizophrenia like paranoia, delusions, and problems at work or school are called ____ ____.
Prodromal Symptoms
People will Schizophrenia have enlarged ____.
Ventricles
What is the inability to recall important information following traumatic experiences?
Dissociative Amnesia
What is it called when someone wanders from home, experience confusion about their identity, or adopt a new identity?
Dissociative Fugue
What are recurring episodes of unfamiliarity with one’s self or the world?
Depersonalization or Derealization Disorder
What is it called when a person exhibits two or more separate personalities, distinct from each other?
Dissociative Identity Disorder
What is the instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, mood, and marked impulsivity?
Borderline Personality Disorder
What is it called when someone shows no regard for others’ rights or feelings?
Antisocial Personality Disorder
What disorders involve developmental problems in personal, social, academic, and intellectual functioning?
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
What is a behavioral condition that makes focusing on everyday routines challenging?
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
What is a complex developmental condition with persistent challenges with social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behavior?
Autism Spectrum Disorder
