Chapter Nine: Lifespan Development Flashcards
What are growth or changes to the body and the brain?
Physical Development
What type of development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity?
Cognitive Development
What type of development involves emotions, personality, and social relationships?
Psychosocial Development
What is the approach of comparing ages in which developmental milestones including writing, crawling, or saying sentences occur?
Normative Approach
What is the belief that changes occur gradually over time?
Continuous Development
What is the belief that the stages of life cause more sudden changes?
Discontinuous Development
What is Freud’s type of development that is separated by the urges for erogenous zones including oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital called?
Psychosexual Development
What is Erikson’s type of development that emphasizes the social nature of development rather than the sexual nature called?
Psychosocial Development
What is it called when children take in information that is comparable to what they already know?
Assimilation
What is it called when children change their schemata based on new information?
Accommodation
What are the mental structures that a child uses to organize knowledge and guide cognitive processes/behavior?
Schemata
What is the understanding that even if something is out of sight, it still exists?
Object Permanence
When the child is unable to take in the perspective of others?
Egocentrism
What is the idea that even a change in appearance does not change the size of something as long as nothing was removed or added?
Conservation
What is the principle that though objects can be changed, they can be returned to their original form?
Reversibility
What type of morality involves obedience, punishment, and self-interest?
Preconventional Morality
What type of morality involves interpersonal and authority?
Conventional Morality
What type of morality involves social contracts and universal ethics?
Post-Conventional Morality
The stage of prenatal development where conception between sperm and egg creates a zygote that divides in a process called Mitosis:
Germinal Stage
The stage of prenatal development where the divided zygote attaches to the uterus lining, creating an embryo, and the placenta and basic instructions begin forming:
Embryonic Stage
The stage of prenatal development where the embryo is called a fetus, and the brain and organs begin to form until the fetus can survive outside the womb:
Fetal Stage
What is the medical care that monitors the health of the fetus and mother that reduces the risk of complications?
Prenatal Care
What are any biological, chemical, or physical environmental agents that damage the developing fetus?
Teratogen
What is the period where exposure to a teratogen can cause significant abnormalities?
Critical Period
What are the inborn automatic responses to particular forms of stimulation in order to survive?
Newborn Reflexes
What is the coordination of large actions including the movement of arms and legs?
Gross Motor Skills
What is the coordination of large actions including the movement of arms and legs?
Gross Motor Skills
What is the coordination of small actions including the movement of eyes, fingers, and toes?
Fine Motor Skills
What is a long-standing connection or bond with others called?
Attatchement
What is a parental presence that gives the child a sense of safety as he explores his surroundings
Secure Base
When a toddler prefers a parent over a stranger, it is called:
Secure Attatchment
When a toddler is unresponsive to the parent, it is called:
Avoidant Attatchment
When a toddler shows clingy behavior but rejects parental attempts of interaction, it is called:
Resistant Attatchment
When a toddler avoids a parental figure, it is called:
Disorganized Attatchment
In this parenting style, parents set rules and explain the reasons behind them. It is called:
Authoritative Style
In this parenting style, parents place value on obedience and conformity. It is called:
Authoritarian Style
In this parenting style, the children run the show. It is called:
Permissive Style
In this parenting style, the parents are neglectful. It is called:
Uninvolved Style
What are the innate traits that influence how one thinks, behaves, and reacts with the environment called?
Temperament
What is the period of development that begins a puberty and ends at emerging adulthood?
Adolescence
What is the awakening of adrenal glands called?
Adrenarche
What is the awakening of sex glands called?
Gonadarche
What type of sexual characteristics includes sex organs like the uterus and testicles?
Primary Sexual Characteristics
What type of sexual characteristics includes physical signs of sexual development like deepened voice and breast development?
Secondary Sexual Characteristics
What is the beginning of the menstrual period called?
Menarche
What is the first ejaculation called?
Spermarche
What is the ability to take the perspective of others and feel concerned for others?
Cognitive Empathy
What is the period of life that includes the ages of 18 to the mid-20s?
Emerging Adulthood
What is the period of life that includes the ages of late 20s to early 40s?
Adulthood
When our social support and friendships dwindle in number but remain as close or more than in our earlier years, it is called:
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory
Who helps provide the death with dignity and pain management in a comfortable environment?
Hospice
