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ISTM 210 > chapter one > Flashcards

chapter one Flashcards

1
Q

paradigm shift

A

a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions

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2
Q

information technology

A

the study, design, development, implementation, support, and management of computer-biased information systems (particularly software and hardware)

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3
Q

end-users

A

people that use computers

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4
Q

competency

A

the knowledge that enables a person to understand something

IT is a core competency in business

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5
Q

attitude

A

“a computer is plainly a tool with boundaries that are only limited by the imagination and ingenuity of its users”

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6
Q

critical thinking

A

a way of thinking that involves analysis and evaluation and includes considering all possible outcomes in order to form a solid decision

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7
Q

humility

A

tasks can be done better and more efficiently to gain competitive advantage

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8
Q

best practice

A

a management process, technique, or method that is most effective at arriving at a desired outcome or better outcome than any other process, technique, or method

(best results, least amount of effort)

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9
Q

application

A

something with practical use and expected outcome

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10
Q

what are some questions to ask while learning?

A 
what am i trying to accomplish?
what was my expected outcome?
what did i learn?
what else can be accomplished?
am i using the right hardware or software?
talk to others.
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11
Q

sarbanes-oxley act of 2002

A

attempts to protect investors from accounting and reporting fraud

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12
Q

business and technology advances…

A

go hand in hand

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13
Q

gordon moore

A

one of the founding fathers of Intel

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14
Q

moore’s law (1965)

A

states that computing power doubles every 18 months

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15
Q

leader

A

first adopter

organizations who buy new technology as it comes into the market in hopes of competitive advantage

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16
Q

follower

A

organizations who abstain from buying new technology and wait for it to improve from its original version, believing there is no competitive advantage to be gained

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17
Q

staying current

A

pay attention
keep an open mind
consider the business’ and technology’s future

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18
Q

business computer hardware

A

the tangible or physical aspect of a computer like circuit boards, chipsets, and keyboards

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19
Q

mainframe computers

A

massive, room size computers that process and store enormous amounts of bulk data and information

used for very large companies
needs huge space
ac units and fire protection needed

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20
Q

midrange computers

A

(minicomputers) less powerful and smaller than mainframe computers they do many of the same things, but on a smaller scale

good for small/medium sized companies who can’t afford mainframes

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21
Q

microcomputers

A

smaller than mainframe and midrange (so common they are referred to as “computers” or “boxes”)

least powerful in terms of processing
(desktop, laptop, tablet, and handheld)

22
Q

desktop

A

resides on a desk

23
Q

laptop

A

portable

24
Q

handheld computers

A

(personal digital assistants) compact but far less powerful than laptops or desktops (contain embedded operation systems and suited for business because of organization of information)

25
Q

hardware

A

the physical part of the computer

26
Q

software

A

a collection of computer programs that accomplish a specific task

27
Q

programs

A

routines that carry out technical details that make a computer run without human interaction

28
Q

operating systems

A

software that manages the resources of a computer, like memory and application programs

groundwork for all system software

29
Q

a computer is made up of _______ that uses ______________

A

hardware

system hardware

30
Q

most important aspect of system software is:

A

when an operating system is enabled

31
Q

operating system’s jobs

A

allocating memory
administering input and output
file management

32
Q

popular operating system platforms

A

Microsoft Windows
Mac IOS
Linux
UNIX

33
Q

file management

A

a way to store and organize files to the memory of a computer

one of the most important jobs of an operating system

34
Q

folders

A

hierarchy of directors that makes up operating systems

35
Q

computer files

A

modern counterparts of printed documents that were stored in file cabinets

36
Q

GUI (graphical user interface)

A

file management system of Microsoft Windows

37
Q

file management

A

a part of an operating system that a computer uses to display the filing system

38
Q

multitasking

A

switching from one application program to another (multiple process)

39
Q

process

A

any task a computer performs

40
Q

RAM, random access memory

A

known as a primary storage, a type of memory that allows data to be accessed in any order without physical movement of the silicone media

41
Q

virtual memory

A

endless supply of memory the operating system provided by coordinating, tracking, and efficiently allocating the use of CPU cache, registers, RAM, and disk storage

42
Q

disk storage

A

non-volatile, secondary storage on a physical device like a hard drive or optical disk with a read/write apparatus

43
Q

FAT (file allocation table)

A

Microsoft, directs the read/write arm of the hard drive to where data exists and accesses it upon the user’s request

44
Q

application software

A

designed to serve the user and carry out whatever task he or she can imagine, like creating a document or spreadsheet

45
Q

business computing software

A

software suite
application suite
productivity suite

46
Q

software suite

A

collection of business computer application programs of associated functionality that share a common graphical user interface (GUI) and have the capacity to smoothly exchange data across the programs

47
Q

most important characteristic of a software suite

A

capability to share information between business application software

48
Q

static methods of information sharing

A

copy and paste

object embedding

49
Q

dynamic methods of information sharing

A

object linking

50
Q

copy and paste

A

allows users to select “source data,” copy the information into memory, switch to a different application, and then last it into a destination (most straightforward method)

51
Q

object embedding

A

allows a user to select an entire area from one application to part of another (only takes a screenshot)

52
Q

object linking

A

dynamic link where both files are current and editable

ISTM 210 (23 decks)

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