Chapter Four: Viticulture Flashcards
What is the portion of the vine that includes leaves, branches, and fruit?
Canopy
What are the vine’s young branches called, while they are young and pliable?
Canes
What are the vines branches–if they are retained year after year–after they have thickened?
Cordons (arms)
What is inserting an unrooted cutting into the trunk of an existing vine called?
Field grafting
At what age do vines begin to decline?
20 years
What are the ideal latitudes for commercial viticulture?
30 to 50 degrees
What is the minimum temperature required to begin the emergence of new greenery in the spring?
50 degrees F
10 degrees C
What does one call sap flowing upward from the trunk out to the canes, before the emergence of new greenery?
Weeping
What does one call the emergence of tiny shoots at the beginning of the growth cycle of the vine?
Bud break
What does one call the transition from flower to grape berry?
Fruit set (berry set)
What is the condition in which many flowers do not develop into grapes?
Coulure (shatter)
What is the abnormality resulting in many small, seedless berries in the grape bunches?
Millerandage
What is the beginning of ripening called?
Veraison
What is the typical time period from bud break to harvest?
140 to 160 days
What is the process by which the vine produces sugar?
Photosynthesis
What is the process by which the vine uses energy?
Respiration
What is the process in which water evaporates through openings in the vine’s leaves?
Transpiration
What is the process by which materials are moved from one area of the plant to another?
Translocation
What is the French term for the combined natural factors of a vineyard site?
Terroir
What is the bacterial vine disease spread via the glassy-winged sharpshooter?
Pierce’s Disease
What is the fungal disease known as oidium?
Powdery Mildew
What is the fungal disease also known as peronospora?
Downy Mildew
What is the root-eating insect of great threat to vineyards?
Phylloxera
What are the two main approaches to pruning?
Spur (cordon) pruning
Cane pruning
What is the vine-training system that does not use supports or trellises?
Head training (bush training, Gobelet)
What is the vine-training system that guides vines up a tall support?
Pergola
What is the vine-training system that guides one or two canes or cordons along a trellis?
Guyot
What are three examples of divided-canopy systems?
Geneva Double Curtain
Lyre
Scott Henry
…but there are many more, though these are the most-mentioned in the CSW
What does VSP stand for?
Vertical Shoot Positioning
