Chapter four, Test one

Question 1

what is the chromosome theory of inheritance

Answer 1

the idea that chromosomes are the carriers of genes

Question 2

what are chromosomes

Answer 2

the self-replicating DNA/Protein complexes in the nucleus that contain genes

Question 3

what is mitosis

Answer 3

the process of division that produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell

Question 4

what is meiosis

Answer 4

produce gametes
1st division: pairs of homologous chromosomes segregate into two different daughter cells
2nd division: chromatids of each homolog segregate into two different daughter cells

Question 5

what is the n in meiosis one

Answer 5

2 n diploid

Question 6

what is the n in meiosis two

Answer 6

1 n haploid

Question 7

what is a haploid

Answer 7

cells carrying only one single set of chromosomes

Question 8

what is a diploid

Answer 8

cells carrying two matching sets

Question 9

if 2n=46 in humans what is n

Answer 9

23

Question 10

what does n=23 represent in human chromosomes

Answer 10

23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 11

what are sister chromatids

Answer 11

the two identical copies of a chromosome that exist immediately after DNA replication

Question 12

how are sister chromatids held together

Answer 12

cohesions

Question 13

what is a centromere

Answer 13

specific location where sister chromatids are held together

Question 14

does each sister chromatid have its own centromere

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

what is metacentric

Answer 15

centromere in center

Question 16

acrocentric

Answer 16

centromere close to one end

Question 17

what is telocentric

Answer 17

centromere is located at terminal end of chromosome

Question 18

chromosomes are found in what two varieties

Answer 18

euchromatin and heterochromatin

Question 19

what does euchromatin mean

Answer 19

true, normal chromatin

Question 20

what does heterochromatin mean

Answer 20

different chromatin

Question 21

what are satellites in chromosomes

Answer 21

the nucleolar organizer region (nucleolus), the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis

Question 22

what are homologous chromosomes

Answer 22

2 sister chromosomes that mate in size and shape

Question 23

how many chromosomes in humans are autosomes

Answer 23

44

Question 24

what genotype is klinefelter syndrome

Answer 24

xxy

Question 25

what genotype is turner syndrome

Answer 25

xo

Question 26

what is the primary determination of maleness in humans

Answer 26

SRY gene on y chromosome

Question 27

what genes are found on both the x and y chromosome

Answer 27

PARs 1 and 2, at the ends of the chromosome

Question 28

where is the SRY gene found

Answer 28

on MSY gene region

Question 29

what is the function of the SRY gene

Answer 29

activates testes development | secrete hormone that triggers development of male sex organs

Question 30

what is gametogenesis

Answer 30

gamete formation

Question 31

what is the names of eggs in female reproduction

Answer 31

oogonia, primary oocyte, first polar body/ secondary oocyte, ovum

Question 32

oogonia go through what process to produce a primary oocyte

Answer 32

mitosis

Question 33

primary oocyte goes through what process to produce a primary body and a secondary oocyte

Answer 33

meiosis one

Question 34

meiosis one and meiosis two in oogenesis is called

Answer 34

asymmetrical division

Question 35

the secondary oocyte goes through what process to produce another polar body and ovum

Answer 35

meiosis two

Question 36

is an ovum a haploid or diploid

Answer 36

haploid

Question 37

how many chromosomes does an ovum carry

Answer 37

22 autosomes and one X chromosome

Question 38

first meiosis division occurs when in females

Answer 38

at puberty

Question 39

what cycle does a oocyte complete before being fertilized

Answer 39

meiosis one and up to metaphase two

Question 40

when does an oocyte go all the way through meiosis two

Answer 40

when egg is fertilized

Question 41

what is the production of sperm

Answer 41

spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, sperm

Question 42

are primary spermatocytes haploid or diploid

Answer 42

diploid

Question 43

are sperm or spermatids haploid or diploid

Answer 43

haploid