Chapter 21, test four

Question 1

what are the assumptions of genes in populations

Answer 1

sexual reproduction, diploid, no selection, mating is random, population size large, no migration, no mutation

Question 2

what is the hardy weinberg equation

Answer 2

p2+2pq+q2= 1

Question 3

p2 represents

Answer 3

homo dom

Question 4

q2 represent

Answer 4

hom rec

Question 5

2pq represent

Answer 5

heterozygote

Question 6

what hardy equation determines genotype freq

Answer 6

p2+2pq+q2=1

Question 7

what hardy equation determines allele freq

Answer 7

p+q=1

Question 8

how does sex linkage play a role in hardy equation

Answer 8

females = q2
males= q

Question 9

what is positive assortative mating

Answer 9

like mating with like

increase homozygosity for genes

Question 10

what is negative assortative mating

Answer 10

mating with unlike

increase heterozygosity for genes

Question 11

what is inbreeding

Answer 11

increase homozygosity for entire genome, change genotype not allele freq

Question 12

whats the founder effect

Answer 12

est a new population by migration to a new habitat, reduce allele freq

Question 13

what is stabilizing selection

Answer 13

does not change avg trait expression, reduces pheno variance, avg well suited for environment

Question 14

what is directional selection

Answer 14

change avg trait expression, only temporary effects on variance in expression, changed conditions require population to alter appearance, physiology or behavior, adapt to habitat