Chapter five

Question 1

What is elision?

Answer 1

Elision often occurs when a word ending with a vowel comes before another word starting with a vowel. An apostrophe marks the place where the vowel is elided.
e.g. δ’=δε

Question 2

The uses of τίς/τις

Answer 2

Interrogative use:
In a question and with an acute accent on the first or only syllable, it means -
Who, what, which?

Interrogative adjective -
τις δουλος αποτρεχει = which slave is running away?

interrogative pronoun-
τις αποτρεχει = who is running away

Indefinite use:
Without an accent or with an accent on the second syllable, it means -
A (certain), some (one/thing)

indefinite adjective -
δουλος τις αποτρεχει = a (certain) slave is running away

indefinite pronoun -
αποτρεχει τις = someone is running away

Question 3

Present participle

Answer 3

A participle is formed by putting a noun/adjectivr endings onto a verb stem.
The present participle does not tell you that the action is necessarily happening now, but rather at the same time as the action expressed by the main verb.
If the main verb is past, the present participle refers something to something also happening in the past (translated like an imperfect).

Uses:
1. Circumstantial use -
Where we are being given information about the circumstances of the person under discussion
ο δουλος φευγων επεσεν = the slave, while he was escaping, fell.

2. Attributive use -
   We are being told an attributive of the slave in question
   ο δουλος ο φευγων επεσεν = the slave who was escaping fell

There are often several possible translations possible of a participle (when….while…etc.). The important point is that Greek likes to have just one main verb in a sentence: other, subordinate ideas are commonly expressed by participles.

Question 4

Vocab -
Field
Contest
Other/another
Wind
Ruler/magistrate
I harm/damage
Old man
Giant
(+acc) on account of
(+gen) through
why?
I
I saw (iregular aorist)
Each
I throw in/thrust in
My
Still/yet
Ready
Very fine/very beautiful
I steal
I hinder
Stone
Harbour
(+gen) with
Only (adverb)
Only/alone
Foolish/stupid
Night
Wine
I am able
Few
Name
Boy/Girl/Child
I am here/present
I drink
Where from?
Many
Foot
Fire
Your (sg)
You (sg)
Body
Who? what? which?
A (certain), someone, something
Sleep
Guard

Answer 4

Vocab -
αγρος -ου
αγων -ωνος
αλλος -η -ο
ανεμος -ου
αρχων -οντος
βλαπτω εβλαψα
γερων -οντος
γιγας -αντος
δια
δια τια
εγω
ειδον
εκαστος -η -ον
εμβαλλω ενεβαλον
εμος -η -ον
ετι
ετοιμος -η -ον
καλλιστος -η -ον
κλεπτω εκλεψα
κωλυω εκωλυσα
λιθος -ου
λιμην -ου
λιμην -ενος
μετα
μονον
μονος -η -ον
μωρος -α -ον
νυξ νυκτος
οινος -ου
οιος τ’ειμι
ολιγοι -αι -α
ονομα -ατος
παις παιδος
παρειμι παρην
πινω επιον
ποθεν
πολλοι -αι -α
πους ποδος
πυρ πυρος
σος ση σον
συ
σωμα -ατος
τις/τι;
τις/τι
υπνος -ου
φυλαξ -ακος