Chapter 9 Vocab

Question 1

the passing of traits from parents to their offspring

Answer 1

hereditary

Question 2

A genetically determined variant of a charteristic

Answer 2

trait

Question 3

pollination of flowers on the same plant.

Answer 3

Self polination

Question 4

pollination of flowers on different plants of the same species.

Answer 4

Cross polination

Question 5

the factor in a pair that mask the other factor so it has no effect

Answer 5

dominate

Question 6

the factor being masketed

Answer 6

ressive

Question 7

each offspring has 2 factors for each characteristic, one from each parent. Therefore each reproductive cell only receives one factor for each characteristic.

Answer 7

law of segregation

Question 8

factors for different characteristics are distributed to reproductive cells independently. Dominate factors do not all appear together and recessive factors do not all appear together.

Answer 8

Independent Assortment

Question 9

a short segment on a DNA molecule that controls a heredity trait.

Answer 9

gene

Question 10

An alternative form of a gene.

Answer 10

allele

Question 11

the genetic make up of an organism

Answer 11

genotype

Question 12

the external appearance of an organism

Answer 12

phenotype

Question 13

When both alleles of a pair are the same

Answer 13

homozygous

Question 14

When the two alleles of a pair are not the same

Answer 14

heterozygous

Question 15

the likelihood of a specific event occurring

Answer 15

probability

Question 16

a cross between individuals that involves 1 contrasting traits.

Answer 16

monohybrid cross

Question 17

a device that aids biologist in predicting probabilities

Answer 17

punnet square

Question 18

a procedure in which an individual of unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual.

Answer 18

test cross

Question 19

When the phenotype of an offspring is a mix of the parents.

Answer 19

incomplete dominance