Chapter 9- Social Interaction Flashcards
Status
Position in society used to classify individuals
What are the different types of statuses?
Ascribed status, achieved status, master status.
Ascribed status
Involuntary status that is assigned to an individual based on race ethnicity gender family background so on. Not earned.
Achieved status
Voluntary/earned by an individual
Master status
Social identity that is your primary identity. The one that people most recognize you as. Example felon, doctor, mother.
Role
Set of beliefs, values and norms that define the expectations of a certain status in a social situation
Role performance
Carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role.
Example: doctors interacting with patients versus other physicians. When interacting with patients they are expected to translate medical information into language that their patients can understand versus when speaking with other physicians and these expectations are different.
Role partner
The person with which one is interacting.
Example doctors interact with patients nurses relatives and other doctors.
Role set
Contains all of the different roles associated with a status.
Role conflict
Occurs when one has difficulty and satisfying the requirements of multiple roles simultaneously can lead to role strain.
Role Strain
Occurs when one has difficulty satisfying multiple requirements of the same role simultaneously.
Peer group
Self-selected group formed around similar interest ages and statuses
Family group
Group and to which an individual is born adopted or married
In group
One in which an individual identifies
Out group
One that an individual competes with or opposes
Reference group
Group to which an individual compares him or herself 
Primary groups
Groups that contains strong emotional bonds
Secondary groups
Temporary and contain fewer emotional bonds and weaker bonds overall.
Gemeinschaft
(Community) unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs ancestry or geography
Gesellschaft
(Society) unified by mutual self interest in achieving a goal
Groupthink
Occurs when members begin to conform to one another’s views and ignore outside perspectives
Network
Observable patterns of social relationships between individuals or groups
Organizations
Bodies of people with a structure and culture designed to achieve specific goals
The two models for how we express emotions in a social situation
Basic model: There a universal emotions along with corresponding expressions I can be understood across cultures
Social construction model: emotions are solely based on the situational contacts of social interactions
Basic Model
Basic model: There a universal emotions along with corresponding expressions I can be understood across cultures
Involves facial expressions behaviors postures vocal changes physiological changes
Social construction model
Social construction model: emotions are solely based on the situational context of social interactions
No biological basis for emotions. Emotions are expressed differently and play different roles across cultures
Display rules
Unspoken rules that govern the expression of emotion
masking your true feelings about your friend’s terrible cooking or being friendly to your opponent after losing an important competition
Cultural syndrome
Shared set of beliefs, norms, values and behaviors organized on a central theme as is found among people sharing the same language in geography.
Impression management
Refers to the maintenance of a public image which is accomplished through various strategies including:
self disclosure, managing appearance, ingratiation, aligning actions, alter casting.
Self disclosure
A strategy of impression management. Sharing factual information
Managing appearances
Strategy of impression management. Refers to using props appearance emotional expression or associations to create a positive image
Ingratiation
Strategy of impression management. Using flattery or conformity to win over someone else.
Aligning actions
Strategy of impression management. The use of excuses to account for questional behavior.
Altar casting
Strategy of impression management. Imposing an identity onto another person.
Dramaturgical approach
An individual sees images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of an audience. Includes front and back stage self.
Front versus backstage self
F- individual as seen by an audience and strives to preserve his desired image.
B- individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image.
Verbal communication
Advance of information through spoken written or signed words
Nonverbal communication
Conveyance of information by means other than use of words such as body language, prosody (the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech) facial expressions and gestures
Prosody
Tone of voice
Animal communication
Takes place not only between nonhuman animals but between humans and other animals as well.
Animals using body language rudimentary fuchsia expressions visual displays sense and vocalizations to communicate.
