Chapter 6- Identity And Personality Flashcards
(99 cards)
Self schema
A self given label that carries with it a side of qualities.
Identity
Individual components of our self-concept related to the groups to which we belong.
You can have one self-concept and multiple identities that define who you are and how you should behave within a certain context.
Gender identity
Describes a person’s appraisal of themselves on a scale of masculinity and femininity.
Androgyny
The state of being simultaneously very masculine and very feminine.
Gender schema
The components of gender identity are transmitted to cultural and societal means.
race vs ethnicity vs nationality
Race: physical characteristics that define a person as being a part of a specific group (skin color, eye color, facial features)
Ethnicity: cultural characteristics that define a person as being part of a specific group (language accent religion customs)
Nationality: country you are from.
Hierarchy of salience
Budding situations dictate which identity holds the most important for us at any given moment
What is the three cells associated with self discrepancy theory?
Actual self, ideal self, ought self
Generally the closer these three are to one another the higher our self-esteem or self-worth will be.
Actual self
The way we see ourselves as we currently are
Ideal self
Person we would like to be
Ought self
The representation of the way others think we should be
Self efficacy
Our belief in our ability to succeed.
Locus of control
The way we characterize the influences in our lives. Internal vs external locus of control.
People with an internal locus of control view themselves as controlling their own fate whereas those with an extern all locus of control field of the events in their lives are called by lock her outside influences.
Fixation
Occurs when a child is overwhelmed or overly frustrated during a stage of development. The child then forms of personality pattern based on that particular stage these personality patterns persist into adulthood as a functional mental disorder known as neurosis.
Name the stages of freud’s stages of psychosocial development
Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital
Oral phase
Age 0-1 year
Gratification is obtained primarily through putting objects into the mouth biting and sucking.
Orally fixated adult would likely exhibit excessive dependency (on others eating drinking smoking
Anal stage
Age 1-3
The libido is centered on the anus and gratification as getting to the other donation and retention of waste materials.
Fixation during the stage would lead to sloppiness in the adult
Phallic Stage
Age 3-5
Oedipal/Electra conflict.
Centers on the resolution of the above conflicts.
During this stage the child is thoughtto try to deerrotosize or sublimate their libidinal energy.
Latent state
The latent stage is reached around puberty when the libido is sublimated.
Genital stage
Begins in puberty and lasts through adulthood.
If prior development has proceeded correctly the person should enter into healthy heterosexual relationships. And sexual traumas of childhood have not been resolved behavior such as homosexuality a sexuality or fetishism may result.
Erik Erikson’s stages of personality development
Personality development based on a series of crises that derive from conflict between needs and social demands.
Trust vs mistrust autonomy vs shame and doubt Initiative vs guilt Industry vs inferiority Identity vs role confusion Intimacy vs isolation Generativity vs stagnation Integrity vs despair
Trust vs mistrust
Age 0-1
Can I trust the world?
If resolved correctly the child will grow to trust the environment in themselves. If Miss trust wins the child will often be suspicious of the world.
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Age 1-3
Is it OK to be me?
If resolved successfully the child will be able to exert control over the world and exercise choice as well as self restraint. The unfavorable outcome is a sense of doubt and a persistent external locus of control
Initiative vs guilt
Age 3-6
Is it okay for me to do move and act?
Favorable outcome as a sense of purpose the ability to initiate activities and ability to enjoy accomplishment. If guilt wins, the child will be so overcome by the fear of punishment of the child may never unduly restrictive self or may overcompensate by showing off.
