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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 - Observation & Discovery / Diagnosis & Pathology > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Observation & Discovery / Diagnosis & Pathology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

endocardium

A

endo / card / ium

inside / heart / tissue

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2
Q

epicardium

A

epi / card / ium

upon / heart / tissue

tissue lining the outside of the heart

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3
Q

myocardium

A

myo / card / ium

muscle / heart / tissue

heart muscle tissue

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4
Q

pericardium

A

peri / card / ium

around / heart / tissue

tissue around the heart

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5
Q

bradycardia

A

brady / card / ia

slow / heart / condition

slow heartbeat

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6
Q

cardiomegaly

A

cardio / megaly

heart / enlargement

enlarged heart

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7
Q

cardiotoxic

A

cardio / toxic

heart / poison

poisonous to the heart

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8
Q

cyanosis

A

cyan / osis

blue / condition

bluish appearance to the skin - a sign that the tissue isn’t receiving enough oxygen

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9
Q

murmur

A

Latin for grumble or hum

abnormal heart sound

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10
Q

tachycardia

A

tachy / card / ia

fast / heart / condition

rapid heartbeat

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11
Q

vena cava

A

vena cava

vein hollow

large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body

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12
Q

inferior vena cava

A

inferior vena cava

lower vein hollow

portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body

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13
Q

superior vena cava

A

superior vena cava

upper vein hollow

portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body (head and arms)

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14
Q

angiogenesis

A

angio / genesis

vessel / creation

development of blood vessels

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15
Q

angiolith

A

angio / lith

vessel / stone

stone forming in the wall of a blood vessel

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16
Q

angiopoiesis

A

angio / poiesis

vessel / formation

formation of blood vessels

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17
Q

angiosclerosis

A

angio / scler / osis

vessel / hard / condition

hardening of a blood vessel

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18
Q

aortectasia

A

aort / ectasia

aorta / dilation

dilation of the aorta

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19
Q

aortic stenosis

A

aort / ic sten / osis

aorta / pertaining to narrow / condition

narrowing of the aorta

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20
Q

aortolith

A

aorto / lith

aorta / stone

stone deposit in the wall of the aorta

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21
Q

arteriolith

A

arterio / lith

artery / stone

stone in the artery

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22
Q

arteriorrhexis

A

arterio / rrhexis

artery / rupture

rupture of an artery

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23
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

arterio / scler / osis

artery / hard / condition

hardening of an artery

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24
Q

atherogenesis

A

athero / genesis

fatty plaque / creation

formation of fatty plaque on the wall of an artery

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25
Q

atherosclerosis

A

athero /scler / osis

fatty plaque / hard / condition

hardening of an artery due to build-up of fatty plaque

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26
Q

embolus

A

em / bolus

in / throw

mass of matter present in the blood

*In Greek this word means stopper, as in the opening of a bottle

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27
Q

embolism

A

embol / ism

embolus / condition

blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

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28
Q

ischemia

A

isch / emia

hold back / blood condition

blockage of blood flow to an organ

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29
Q

occlusion

A

Latin for the close off

closing or blockage of a passage

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30
Q

phlebosclerosis

A

phlebo / scler / osis

vein / hard / conditon

hardening of a vein

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31
Q

thrombus

A

Greek for lump, clot or even curd of milk

blood clot

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32
Q

varicose veins

A

varicose veins

swollen / twisted veins

an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin

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33
Q

vasospasm

A

vaso / spasm

vessel / involuntary contraction

involuntary contraction of a blood vessel

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34
Q

venosclerosis

A

veno / scler / osis

vein / hard / condition

hardening of a vein

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35
Q

venospasm

A

veno / spasm

vein / involuntary contraction

involuntary contraction of a vein

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36
Q

venostasis

A

veno / stasis

vein / standing

trapping of blood in an extremity due to compression

*This name refers not to the fact that the blood is trapped but, instead, to the fact that the blood is standing still and not moving

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37
Q

angiogram

A

angio / gram

vessel / record

record of the blood vessels

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38
Q

angiography

A

angio / graphy

vessel / writing procedure

procedure to describe the blood vessels

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39
Q

angioscope

A

angio / scope

vessel / device for looking

decice for looking into a blood vessel

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40
Q

aortogram

A

aorto / gram

aorta / record

record of the aorta

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41
Q

arteriogram

A

arterio / gram

artery / record

record of an artery

42
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

cardi / ac catheter / ization

heart / pertaining to catheter / procedure

process of inserting a tube (catheter) into the heart

43
Q

echocardiogram

A

echo / cardio / gram

echo / heart / record

image of the heart produced using sound waves; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead it is performed on a heart

44
Q

echocardiography

A

echo / cardio / graphy

echo / heart / writing procedure

use of sound waves to produce an image of the heart; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead it is performed on a heart

45
Q

electrocardiogram

A

electro / cardio / gram

electricity / heart / record

record of the electrical currents of the heart

46
Q

electrocardiography

A

electro / cardio / graphy

electricity / heart / writing procedure

procedure for recording the electrical currents of the heart

47
Q

sonography

A

sono / graphy

sound / writing procedure

use of sound waves to produce diagnostic images; also called ultrasound

48
Q

stress electrocardiogram

A

stress electro / cardio / gram

stress electricity / heart / record

records electrical signals of the heart while the patient experiences increases of exercise stress

49
Q

transesophageal echocardiogram

A

trans / esophag / eal

through / esophagus / pertaing to

echo / cardio / gram

echo / heart / record

record of the heart using sound waves performed by inserting the transducer into the esophagusvascular

50
Q

vascular endoscopy

A

vascul / ar endo / scopy

vessel / pertaining to inside / looking procedure

procedure to look inside a blood vessel

51
Q

venogram

A

veno / gram

vein / record

record of a vein

52
Q

blood pressure

A

blood pressure

the force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels

53
Q

diastolic pressure

A

dia / stol / ic pressure

through / send / pertaining to

pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is relaxed

54
Q

systolic pressure

A

sys / stol / ic pressure

togerther / send / pertaining to

pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is contracting

55
Q

cardiologist

A

cardio / logist

heart / specialist

heart specialist

56
Q

cardiology

A

cardio / logy

heart / study

branch of medicine dealing with the heart

57
Q

cardiovascular

A

cardio / vascul / ar

heart / vessel / pertaining

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

58
Q

circulation

A

Latin for to go in a circle

moving of blood from the heart through the vessels and back to the heart

59
Q

coronary circulation

A

coron / ary circulation

heart / pertaining to

circulation of blood from the heart to the heart muscle (the heart always feeds itself first)

60
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

pulmon / ary circulation

lung / pertaining to

circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs (to oxygenate it)

61
Q

systemic circulation

A

sys / stem / ic circulation

together / stand / pertaining to

circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body

62
Q

phlebologist

A

phlebo / logist

vein / specialist

specialist in veins

63
Q

phlebology

A

phlebo / logy

vein / study

study of veins

64
Q

phlebotomist

A

phelbo / tom / ist

vein / incision / specialist

one who draws blood

65
Q

phlebotomy

A

phlebo / tomy

vein / incision

incision into a vein - the technical term for drawing blood

66
Q

angiocarditis

A

angio / card / itis

vessel / heart / inflammation

inflammation of the heart vessels

67
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

arti / al fibrill / ation

artrium / pertaining to little fibers / process

quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart’s artium

68
Q

atrial septal defect (ASD)

A

atri / al sept / al

artrium / pertaining to septum / pertaining to

de / fect
bad / made

flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart

69
Q

cardiac arrest

A

cardi / ac arrest

heart / pertaining to stop

cessation of function circulation

70
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

cardio / myo / pathy

heart / muscle / disease

disease of the heart muscle

71
Q

congestive cardiomyopathy

A

con / gestive cardiomyopathy

together / bring

heart cavity is unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive) and becomes stretched (dilated), which causes weak/slow pumping of blood

72
Q

dilated cardiomyopathy

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

expanded

another term for congestive cardiomyopathy

73
Q

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

hyper / troph / ic cardiomyopathy

over / developed / pertaining to

heart muscle becomes enlarged and blocks blood flow

74
Q

restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

re / strict / ive cardiomyopathy

back / tied / pertaining to

heart muscle hardens, restricting the expansion of the heart, thus limiting the amount of blood it can pump to the rest of the body

75
Q

carditis

A

card / itis

heart / inflammation

inflammation of the heart

76
Q

congenital heart defect

A

con / genit / al heart de / fect

together / birth / pertaining to heart bad / made

flaw in the structure of the hear present at birth

77
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

con / gest / ive heat failure

together / bring / pertaining to

heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive)

78
Q

coronary thrombosis

A

coron / ary thromb / osis

heart / pertaining to clot / condition

obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

79
Q

endocarditis

A

endo / card / itis

inside / heart / inflammation

inflammation of the tissue lining the inside of the heart

80
Q

myocardial infarction (MI)

A

myo / cardi /al in / farc / tion

muscle / heart / pertaining to in / stuff / condition

death of heart muscle tissue

*The term infarction originally referred to a blocked vessel, but it came to refer to the death of tissue resulting from the blockage

81
Q

myocardial ischemia

A

myo / cardi / al isch / emia

muscle / heart / pertaining to hold back / blood condition

blockage of blood to the heart muscle

82
Q

myocarditis

A

myo / card / itis

muscle / heart / inflammation

inflammation of the heart muscle

83
Q

pericardial effusion

A

peri / cardi / al ef / fusion

around / heart / pertaining to out / pour

fluid pouring out into to tissue around the heart

84
Q

pericarditis

A

peri / card / itis

around / heart / inflammation

inflammation of the tissue around the heart

85
Q

valvulitis

A

valvul / itis

valve / inflammation

inflammation of a heart valve

86
Q

ventricular septal defect (VSD)

A

ventricul / ar sept / al de / fect

ventricle / pertaining to septum / pertaining to bad / made

flaw in the septum that divides the two ventricles of the heart

87
Q

aneurysm

A

an / eury / sm

up / wide / condition

bulge in a blood vessel

88
Q

angioedema

A

angio / edema

vessel / swelling

swelling of the blood vessels

89
Q

angioma

A

angi / oma

vessel / tumor

blood vessel tumor

90
Q

aortic aneurysm

A

aort / ic an / eury / sm

aorta / pertaining to up / wide / condition

bulging of swelling of the aorta

91
Q

aortic regurgitation

A

aort / ic re / gurgit / ation

aorta / pertaining to back / bubble / condition

flow of blood backward from the aorta into the heart; caused by a weak heart valve

92
Q

aortitis

A

aort / itis

aorta / inflammation

inflammation of the aorta

93
Q

arteriopathy

A

arterio / pathy

artery / disease

disease of the arteries

94
Q

arteritis

A

arter / itis

artery / inflammation

inflammation of the arteries

95
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

deep vein thromb / osis

deep vein clot / condition

formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg

96
Q

hypertension

A

hyper / tens / ion

over / stretch / condition

high blood pressure

97
Q

hypotension

A

hypo / tens / ion

under / stretch / condition

low blood pressure

98
Q

normotension

A

normo / tens / ion

normal / stretch / condition

normal blood pressure

99
Q

phlebitis

A

phleb / itis

vein / inflammation

inflammation of the veins

100
Q

phlebostenosis

A

phlebo / sten / osis

vein / narrow / condition

narrowing of the veins

101
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

thrombo / phleb / itis

clot / vein / inflammation

inflammation of vein caused by a clot

102
Q

vasculitis

A

vascul / itis

vessel / inflammation

inflammation of blood vessels

Medical Terminology (50 decks)

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