Chapter 7 - Observation & Discovery / Diagnosis & Pathology Flashcards
acidemia
acid / emia
acid / blood condition
abnormal acidity of the blood
alkalemia
alkal / emia
alkali / blood condition
abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood
calciuria
calci / uria
calcium / urine condition
calcium in the urine
chloremia
chlor / emia
chlorine / bood condition
chlorine in the blood
euglycemia
eu / glyc / emia
good / sugar / blood condition
good blood sugar
glucosuria
glucos / uria
sugar / urine condition
sugar in the urine
hypercalcemia
hyper / calc / emia
over / calcium / blood condition
excessive calcium in the blood
hypercholesterolemia
hyper / cholesterol / emia
excessive / cholesterol / blood condition
excessive cholesterol in the blood
hyperglycemia
hyper / glyc / emia
excessive / sugar / blood condition
hyperkalemia
hyper / kal / emia
over / potassium / blood condition
excessive potassium in the blood
hyperlipidemia
hyper / lipid / emia
excessive / fat / blood condition
excessive fat in the blood
hypernatremia
hyper / natr / emia
excessive / salt / blood condition
excessive salt in the blood
hyperphosphatemia
hyper / phosphat / emia
excessive / phosphate / blood condition
excessive phosphate in the blood
hypoglycemia
hypo / glyc / emia
under / sugar / blood condition
low blood sugar
ketonuria
keton / uria
ketone / urine condition
ketone bodies in the urine
polyuria
poly / uria
excessive / urine condition
excessive urination
uremia
ur / emia
unrine / blood condition
presence of urinary waste in the blood
adrenaline
ad / renal / ine
on / kidney / chemical
epinephrine
epi / nephr / ine
upon / kidney / chemical
hormone secreted by the adrenal gland
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
adreno / cortico / trop / ic
adrenal / cortex / stimulating / pertaining to
hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland
corticotropin
cortico/ tropin
cortex / stimulating
shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone
glucagon
gluc / agon
sugar / lead
hormone secreted by the pancreas that simulates the liver in increase blood sugar levels
glucocorticoid
gluco / cortic / oid
sugar / cortex / resembling
hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism
gonadotropin
gonado / tropin
gonad / stimulating
hormone that stimulates the gonads
insulin
insul / in
island / chemical
hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats
thyrotropin
thyro / tropin
throid / stimulating
hormone that stimulates the thyroid
adenomegaly
adeno / megaly
gland / enlargement
abnormal enlargement of a gland
adrenomegaly
adreno / megaly
adrenal / enlargement
abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland
euthyroid
eu / thyroid
good / thyroid
normal functioning thyriod
gluconeogenesis
gluco / neo / genesis
sugar / new / formation
formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
glycolysis
glyco / lysis
sugar / loosen
breakdown of sugar
glycopenia
glyco / penia
sugar / deficiency
deficiency of sugar
gonadogenesis
gonado / genesis
gonad / formation
creation/development of gonads
metabolism
meta / bol / ism
over / throw / condition
breakdown of matter into energy
endocrine
endo / crine
inside / secrection
to secrete internally (i.e. into the bloodstream)
endocrinologist
endo / crino / logist
inside / secretion / specialist
specialist in internal secretions
exocrine
exo / crine
outside / secretion
to secrete externally (through ducts to the surface of an organ, i.e. sweat glands and salivary glands)
glycemic index
glyc / em / ic
sugar / blood / pertaining to
ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood
ketogenesis
keto / genesis
ketone / creation
creation of ketone bodies
adenitis
aden / itis
gland / inflammation
inflammation of a gland
adenocarcinoma
adeno / carcin / oma
gland / cancer / tumor
cancerous tumor of a gland
adenoma
aden / oma
gland / tumor
glandular tumor
adenopathy
adeno / pathy
gland / disease
gland disease
adenosis
aden / osis
gland / condition
gland condition
dysmetabolic syndrome
dys / metabolic syn / drome
bad / metabolism together / running
combination of medical disorders associated w/ faulty metabolism
ketosis
ket / osis
ketone body / condition
condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood
polyadenopathy
poly / adeno / pathy
many / gland / disease
disease involving many glands
thymoma
thym / oma
thyroid / tumor
tumor of the thyroid
adrenal adenoma
adrenal aden / oma
adrenal gland / tumor
tumor of the adrenal gland
adrenal insufficiency
adrenal in / sufficiency
adrenal not / adequate
condition in which the adrenal glands under-produce necessary hormones
adrenalitis
adrenal / itis
adrenal / inflammation
inflammation of the adrenal gland
adrenocortical carcinoma
adreno / cortic / al carcin / oma
adrenal / cortex / pertaining to cancer / tumor
cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland
adrenocortical insufficiency
adreno / cortic / al in / sufficiency
adrenal / cortex / pertaining to not / adequate
condition in which the adrenal cortex under-produces necessary hormones
adrenocorticohyperplasia
adreno / cortico / hyper / plasia
adrenal / cortex / over / formation
over-development of the cortex of the adrenal gland
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
con / genit / al adrenal hyper / plasia
with / birth / pertaining to adrenal over / formation
genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormones and an overproduction of others
diabetes mellitus
diabetes mellitus
pass through honey
metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia
diabetic ketoacidosis
diabet / ic keto / acid / osis
diabetes / pertaining to ketone / acid / condition
acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar; thus, it must burn fat for energy
insulinoma
insulin / oma
insulin / tumor
tumor that secretes insulin (found in the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas)
pancreatic pseudocyst
pancreat / ic pseudo / cyst
pancreas / pertaining to false / cyst
abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst
pancreatitis
pancreat / itis
pancreas / inflammation
inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatolith
pancreato/ lith
pancreas / stone
stone in the pancreas
pancreatolithiasis
pancreato / lith / iasis
pancreas / stone / presence
presence of a stone in the pancreas
hyperpituitarism
hyper / pituitar / ism
over / pituitary / condition
overfunctioning of the pituitary gland
hypophysitis
hypophys / itis
pituitary / inflammation
inflammation of the pituitary gland
hypopituitarism
hypo / pituitar / ism
under / pituitary / condition
condition caused by the under-secretion of the pituitary gland
panhypopituitarism
pan / hypo / pituitar / ism
all / under / pituitary / condition
defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland
pituitary adenoma
pituitary aden / oma
pituitary gland / tumor
tumor on the pituitary gland
pituitary infarction
pituitary in / frac / tion
pituitary in / stuff / condition
death of the pituitary gland
hyperparathyroidism
hyper / para / thyroid / ism
over / beside / thyroid / condition
overproduction by the parathyroid glands
hyperthyroidism
hyper / thyroid / ism
over / thyroid / condition
overproduction by the thyroid
hypoparathyroidism
hypo / para / thyroid / ism
under / beside / thyroid / condition
underproduction by the parathyroid
hypothyroidism
hypo / thyroid / ism
under / thyroid / condition
underproduction by the thyroid
parathyroidoma
para / thyroid / oma
beside / thyroid / tumor
tumor / of the parathyroid
thyroiditis
thyroid / itis
thyroid / inflammation
inflammation of the thyroid
thyrotoxicosis
thyro / toxic / osis
thyroid / poison / condition
condition caused by the exposure of the body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone (an extreme version of this is known as “thyroid storm.”)
