Chapter 9 - Nervous System

Question 1

Cerebrospinal

Answer 1

Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Encephalitis

Answer 2

Inflammatory condition of the brain

Question 3

Glioma

Answer 3

Tumor composed of neuroglia tissue (supportive tissue of nervous system)

Question 4

Meningocele

Answer 4

Saclike protrusion of the meninges through the skull or vertebral column; it is a congenital defect that can be repaired by surgery

Question 5

Meningioma

Answer 5

Tumor composed of the meninges

Question 6

Myelalgia

Answer 6

Pain of the spinal cord or its membranes

Question 7

Neurolysis

Answer 7

Destruction of a nerve

Question 8

Hemiparesis

Answer 8

Paralysis of one half of the body

Question 9

Aphasia

Answer 9

Absence of speech, it is an abnormal neurologic condition in which language is defective or absent because of an injury to certain areas of the cerebral cortex

Question 10

Alzheimer disease

Answer 10

Chronic, organic mental disorder; a form of presenile dementia caused by atrophy of frontal and occipital lobes

Question 11

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Answer 11

Brain tissue damage caused by a disorder within the blood vessels; usually due to the formation of a clot or ruptured blood vessel; the resulting functional deficit depends on the are of the brain affected; also called apoplexy, cerebral infarction, stroke, or CVA

Question 12

Epilepsy

Answer 12

Disorder affecting the CNS, characterized by recurrent seizures

Question 13

Huntington chorea

Answer 13

Hereditary nervous disorder caused by the progressive loss of brain cells, leading to bizarre, involuntary, dance-like movements

Question 14

Hydrocephalus

Answer 14

cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain

Question 15

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 15

progressive degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by inflammation, hardening, and loss of myelin throughout the spinal cored and brain, which produces weakness and other muscular symptoms

Question 16

Neuroblastoma

Answer 16

malignant tumor composed principally of cells resembling nueroblasts; occurs chiefly in infants and children

Question 17

Bell palsy

Answer 17

facial paralysis caused by dysfunction of a facial nerve of unknown etiology

Question 18

Cerebral palsy

Answer 18

congenital bilateral, symmetrical, non-progressive motor dysfunction and partial paralysis usually caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth trauma but can be hereditary

Question 19

Parkinson disease

Answer 19

progressive, degenerative neurological disorder affecting the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement

Question 20

Poliomyelitis

Answer 20

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, often resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

Question 21

Sciatica

Answer 21

sever pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve, which travels from the hip

Question 22

Seizure

Answer 22

convulsion or other clinically detectable event caused by a sudden discharge of electrical activity in the brain that may be classified as partial or generalized; characteristic symptom of epilepsy

Question 23

Shingles

Answer 23

eruption of acute, inflammatory, herpetic vesicles on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve caused by herpes zoster virus

Question 24

Spina bifida

Answer 24

congenital neural tube defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal canal through which the spinal cord and meninges may or may not protrude

Question 25

Transient ischemic attack

Answer 25

temporary interference with blood supply to the brain, lasting a few minutes to a few hours

Question 26

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis

Answer 26

cerebrospinal fluid obtained from a lumbar puncture is evaluated for the presence of blood, bacteria, malignant cells, and the amount of protein and glucose present

Question 27

Craniotomy

Answer 27

surgical procedure to create an opening in the skull to gain access to the brain during neurosurgical procedures

Question 28

Thalamotomy

Answer 28

partial destruction of the thalamus to treat psychosis or intractable pain

Question 29

Epilepsy

Answer 29

a CNS disorder characterized by recurrent seizures

Question 30

Anorexia

Answer 30

means without appetite, is an eating disorder characterized by reduced appetite or total aversion to food

Question 31

Aphasia

Answer 31

inability to communicate, in one or several modes of communication

Question 32

Biliary

Answer 32

having to do with the gallbladder, bile ducts, or bile

Question 33

Cholecystojejunostomy

Answer 33

the surgical formation of an anastomosis between the gall bladder and the jejunum

Question 34

Deglutition

Answer 34

the action or process of swallowing

Question 35

Diplopia

Answer 35

a disorder of vision in which 2 images of a single object are seen; double vision

Question 36

Jaundice

Answer 36

yellow staining of the skin and eyes from bile pigment bilirubin

Question 37

Jejunojejunostomy

Answer 37

a surgical anastomosis created between two parts of the jejunum

Question 38

Metastasis

Answer 38

the spread of a malignant tumor beyond its primary site to a secondary organ or location

Question 39

Pruritis

Answer 39

an unpleasant sensation of the skin that provokes the urge to scratch; itch

Question 40

Vertigo

Answer 40

a sense of spinning dizziness

Question 41

Hormone

Answer 41

a chemical substance produced by specialized cells of the body and released slowly into the bloodstream

Question 42

Acromegaly

Answer 42

enlargement of the extremities

Question 43

Pancreatolysis

Answer 43

destruction of the pancreatic substance by pancreatic enzymes

Question 44

Polyphagia

Answer 44

excessive consumption of food

Question 45

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 45

a chronic metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia; occurs in two primary forms