Chapter 7 - Urinary System

Question 1

Vesicocele

Answer 1

hernial protrusion of the urinary bladder

Question 2

Meatus

Answer 2

opening or tunnel through any part of the body

Question 3

Pyeloplasty

Answer 3

surgical repair of the renal pelvis

Question 4

Uremia

Answer 4

excessive urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood

Question 5

Azotemia

Answer 5

excessive urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood

Question 6

Lithiasis

Answer 6

abnormal condition or presence of stones or calculi

Question 7

Dialysis

Answer 7

process of removing toxic materials from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so

Question 8

Lithotripsy

Answer 8

crushng of a stone in the bladder or urethra

Question 9

Polyuria

Answer 9

excessive urination

Question 10

Azoturia

Answer 10

increase of nitrogenous substances, especially in urea, in the urine

Question 11

Diuresis

Answer 11

increased formation and secretion of urine

Question 12

Dysuria

Answer 12

painful or difficult urination, symptomatic of cystitis and other urinary tract conditions

Question 13

End-stage renal disease

Answer 13

final phase of kidney disease process; disease has advanced to the point that the kidneys can no longer filter blood adequately

Question 14

Enuresis

Answer 14

involuntary discharge of urine after the age by which bladder control should have been established

Question 15

Hypospadias

Answer 15

abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis

Question 16

Interstitial nephritis

Answer 16

nephritis associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue that may be primary or due to a toxic agent ,such as a drug or chemical. The end result is that the nephrons are destroyed and renal function is seriously impaired

Question 17

Renal hypertension

Answer 17

high blood pressure that results from kidney disease

Question 18

Wilms tumor

Answer 18

malignant neoplasm of the kidney occurring in young children, usually before age 5.

Question 19

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Answer 19

laboratory test that measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous substance) that is normally excreted by the kidneys into the blood.

Question 20

Intravenous pyelogram

Answer 20

examination of the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder that uses iodinated contrast material injected into veins

Question 21

Retrograde pyelography

Answer 21

radiographic procedure in which a contrast medium is introduced to visualize urinary tract

Question 22

Urinalysis

Answer 22

physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of urine

Question 23

Voiding cystourography

Answer 23

radiography of the bladder and urethra after the introduction of a contrast medium and during the process of voiding urine.

Question 24

Catheterization

Answer 24

insertion of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid.

Question 25

Renal transplantation

Answer 25

surgical transfer of a complete kidney from a donor to a recipient

Question 26

Cholecystectomy

Answer 26

surgical removal of the gallbladder

Question 27

Cholecystitis

Answer 27

inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 28

Choledocholithiasis

Answer 28

presence of gall stones in the common bile duct

Question 29

Choledocholithotomy

Answer 29

surgical incision in the common bile duct for removal of a gallstone

Question 30

Cholelithiasis

Answer 30

stones or calculi forming within the gall bladder, also called gall stones

Question 31

Cystitis

Answer 31

inflammation of the bladder, often caused by a UTI

Question 32

Epigastric

Answer 32

lying upon or above the stomach

Question 33

Hematuria

Answer 33

blood in the urine

Question 34

Nocturia

Answer 34

excessive urination at night

Question 35

Urinary incontinence

Answer 35

the unintentional loss of urine due to loss of voluntary control over the urinary sphincters; also enuresis

Question 36

Auscultation

Answer 36

the act of listening to sounds arising within organs as an aid to diagnosis and treatment

Question 37

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 37

a usually curable skin cancer that arises from epithelial cells are rarely metastasized ; often associated with over exposure to sunlight

Question 38

Benign Prostatic Hypertorphy

Answer 38

when the enlarged prostate compresses the urethra impeding the flow of urine from the bladder

Question 39

Bilateral

Answer 39

on both sides; pertaining to both sides; having two sides

Question 40

Bruits

Answer 40

a sound heard over an artery or vascular channel reflecting turbulence of flow

Question 41

Colectomy

Answer 41

an operation to remove all or part of the colon

Question 42

Distended

Answer 42

enlarged or stretched out

Question 43

Hemorrhoid

Answer 43

dilated veins in the walls of the anus and sometimes around the rectum

Question 44

Hydrocele

Answer 44

a type of swelling in the scrotum that occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding the testicle

Question 45

Impotence

Answer 45

consistent inability to sustain, or achieve an erection or ejaculation or both

Question 46

Inguinal hernia

Answer 46

a protrusion of abdominal cavity contents through the inguinal canal

Question 47

Normocephalic

Answer 47

referring to a person whose head and all major organs of the head are in normal condition and without significant abnormalities

Question 48

Palpable

Answer 48

capable of being touched or felt

Question 49

Percussion

Answer 49

the act or technique of tapping on the surface of a body part to learn the condition of the parts beneath by the resulting sound

Question 50

Pneumothorax

Answer 50

a condition in which air or other gas accumulates in the pleural cavity and can result in a collapsed lung

Question 51

Transurethral

Answer 51

passing through or performed via the urethra

Question 52

Diuretics

Answer 52

drugs which stimulate the flow of urine

Question 53

Malignant

Answer 53

tending or threatening to produce death; refers to cancerous growths

Question 54

nephrons

Answer 54

microscopic filtering units in the kidney that are responsible for keeping the body's fluids in balance

Question 55

edema

Answer 55

swelling of a body tissue

Question 56

Oliguria

Answer 56

diminished amount of urine formation