Chapter 11 - Special Senses Flashcards
1
Q
Blepharospasm
A
involuntary contraction of eyelid muscles; due to eye strain or nervous irritability
2
Q
Choroidopathy
A
noninflammatory degeneration of the choroid - a thin, highly vascular layer of the eye between the retina and sclera
3
Q
Corneitis
A
inflammation of the cornea; also called keratitis
4
Q
Anisocoria
A
inequality of the size of the pupils; may be congenital or associated with a neurological injury or disease
5
Q
Coreometer
A
instrument for measuring the pupil
6
Q
Dacryorrhea
A
excessive secretion of tears
7
Q
Lacrimation
A
secretion and discharge of tears
8
Q
Diplopia
A
two images of an object seen at the same time; double-vision
9
Q
Iridoplegia
A
paralysis of the sphincter of the iris
10
Q
Keratoplasty
A
replacement of a cloudy cornea with a transparent one, typically derived from an organ donor; corneal grafting
11
Q
Intraocular
A
within the eyeball
12
Q
Ophtalmoscope
A
instrument used for examining the interior of the eye especially the retina
13
Q
Optic
A
pertaining to the eye or to sight
14
Q
Retinopathy
A
any disease of the retina
15
Q
Scleritis
A
Superficial and deep inflammation of the sclera
16
Q
Amblyopia
A
reduction or dimness of vision with no apparent pathological condition
17
Q
Heteropsia
A
inequality of vision in the two eyes
18
Q
Blepharoptosis
A
drooping of the upper eyelid
19
Q
Dacryadenitis
A
inflammation of a tear gland
20
Q
Acoustic
A
pertaining to sound or the sense of hearing
21
Q
Audiometer
A
an instrument for testing hearing
22
Q
Tympanoplasy
A
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
23
Q
Otorrhea
A
inflammation of the ear with purulent discharge
24
Q
Salpingopharyngeal
A
concerning the Eustachian tube and the pharynx
25
Anacusis
total deafness; complete hearing loss
26
Hypertropia
an ocular deviation with one eye located higher than the other
27
Achromatopsia
condition of color blindness that is more common in men
28
Astigmatism
defective curvature of the cornea and lens, which causes light rays to focus unevenly over the retina rather than being focused on a single point, resulting in a distorted image
29
Cataract
opacity (cloudiness) of the lens as a result of protein deposits on its surface that slowly build up until vision is lost
30
Conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy, irritation, or a foreign body; also called pinkeye
31
Diabetic Retinoplasty
retinal damage marked by aneurismal dilation of blood vessels
32
Esotropia
strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye toward that of the other eye resulting in diplopia; also called cross-eye and convergent strabismus
33
Exotropia
strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye away from that of the other, resulting in diplopia; also called wall-eye and divergent strabismus
34
Glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure caused by the failure of the aqueous humor to drain, which results in atrophy of the optic nerve and eventually may lead to blindness
35
Hordeolum
small purulent inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; also called sty
36
Macular Degeneration
breakdown of the tissues in the macula resulting in loss of central vision
37
Photophobia
unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light; occurs in diseases such as meningitis, inflammation of the eyes, measles, and rubella
38
Retinal Detachment
separation of the retina from the choroid, which disrupts vision and results in blindness if not repaired
39
Strabismus
muscular eye disorder in which the eyes turn from the normal position so that thy deviate in different directions
40
Acoustic Neuroma
benign tumor that develops from the eight cranial (vestbulocochlear) nerve and grows within the auditory canal
41
Conductive Hearing Loss
hearing loss due to an impairment in the transmission of the sound because of an obstruction of the ear canal or damage to the eardrum or ossicles
42
Meniere Disease
rare disorder of unknown etiology within the labyrinth of the inner ear that can lead to a progressive loss of hearing
43
Otitis media
middle ear infection, usually a result of bacterial infection
44
Otosclerosis
progressive deafness due to ossification in the bony labyrinth of the inner ear
45
Presbycusis
impairment of hearing resulting from the aging process
46
Tinnitus
ringing in the ears
47
Vertigo
sensation of moving around in space; a feeling of spinning or dizziness, usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium
48
Tonometry
measuring of intraocular pressure by determining the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force; used to detect glaucoma
49
Visual Acuity Test
standard test of visual acuity in which a person is asked to read letters and numbers on a chart 20 feet away with the use of the Snellen char; also called an E. chart
50
Erythropia
a condition in which objects that are not red appear to be red
51
Xanthopia
a condition in which objects that are not yellow appear to be yellow
52
Emmetropia
An eye with no visual defects; normal vision
53
Audiometry
test that measures hearing acuity of various sound frequencies using an audiometer which delivers acoustic stimuli at different frequencies and the results are plotted on a graph called an audiogram
54
Otoscopy
visual examination of the ear, especially the eardrum, using an otoscope
55
Rinne Test
hearing acuity test that is performed with a vibrating tuning fork placed on the mastoid process, then in from of the external auditory canal to test bone and air conduction. Is useful for differentiating between conduction and sensonueral hearing loss
56
Cataract surgery
excision of cataracts by surgical removal of the lens. To correct the visual deficit when the eye is without a lens (aphakic), the insertion of an artificial lens (intraocular lens transplant) or the use of eyeglasses or contact lenses is needed.
57
Corneal transplant
surgical transplantation of a donor cornea (from cadaver) into the eye of a recipient; also called keratoplasty
58
Extracapsular surgery
excision of most of the lens, followed by insertion of an intraocular lens transplant
59
Iridectomy
excision of a portion of the iris; usually in performed to create an opening through which aqueous humor can drain; used to relieve intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma
60
Phacoemulsification
excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny particles which are suctioned out of the eye
61
Cochlear implant
electronic transmitter that is surgically implanted into the cochlea of a deaf individual; performed to restore hearing loss
62
Myringoplasty
surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft, in order to correct hearing loss. Also called tympanoplasty
63
Myringotomy
incision of the eardrum to relieve pressure and release pus or serous fluid from the middle of the ear or to insert tympanostomy tubes surgically in the eardrum; provide ventilation and drainage of the middle ear, used when persistent severely negative middle ear pressure is present and/or recurring ear infections.
64
Akinesia
loss or impairment of the power of voluntary movement (as of a muscle)
65
Anesthesia
temporary insensitivity to pain induced by the administration of gases or the injection of drugs before a surgical procedure
66
Anteriorly
related to or situated near or toward the front of the body
67
Cannula
a hollow tube with a sharp, retractable inner core that can be inserted into a vein, artery or other body cavity
68
Conjunctival
pertaining to the conjunctiva - clear, moist membrane that covers the inner surfaces of the eyelid and front of the eyeball
69
Hemorrhage
a copious or heavy discharge of blood from the blood vessels
70
Limbus
the border or margin of a structure, especially the junction of the cornea and sclera in the eye
71
MVR
microvitreoretinal
72
Retinal Detachment
a disorder o f they eye in which the retina separates from the layer underneath
73
Retinitis
inflammation of the retina
74
Retrobulbar
situated, occurring, or administered behind the eyeball
75
Sclerotomy
surgical cutting of the sclera
76
Vitrectomy
the surgical operation of removing the vitreous humor from the eyeball
77
Cholesteatoma
abnormal, noncancerous skin growth that can develop in the middle section of the ear
78
General Anesthesia
anesthesia which affects the whole body and usually induces a loss of consciousness
79
Mucoserous
pertaining to an exudate or secretion that consists of both mucus and serum or a watery component
80
Otitis Media
inflammation of the middle ear, characterized by accumulation of infected fluid in the middle ear, bulging of the eardrum, pain in the ear and if eardrum is perforated, pus in the ear canal
81
Postoperatively
relating to , occurring in, or being the period following a surgical operation
82
Tympanoplasty
surgical operation performed for the reconstruction of the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
83
Diagnosis
is a process of determining the cause and nature of a pathological condition
84
Mastoid surgery
is an operation on the mastoid process of the temporal bone
85
Chronic
means of long duration; designating a disease showing little change or of slow progression
86
Labyrinth
is a system of intercommunicating canals, especially of the inner ear
