CHAPTER 9: NAIL STRUCTURE & GROWTH Flashcards
A normal, healthy nail surface ___________.
a. is completely inflexible
b. has a spotted surface
c. is shiny and smooth
d. is white and opaque
c. is shiny and smooth
The portion of the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge is called the _________.
a. nail bed
b. cuticle
c. matrix
d. ligament
a. nail bed
The _____ is a whitish, half moon shape underneath the base of the nail.
a. sidewall
b. lunula
c. root
d. free edge
b. lunula
The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the _____.
a. free edge
b. matrix
c. bed epithelium
d. sidewall
a. free edge
A ________ is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place.
a. muscle
b. ligament
c. tendon
d. nerve
b. ligament
The ______ is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.
a. eponychium
b. hyponychium
c. nail groove
d. sidewall
d. sidewall
As long as the _____ is nourished and healthy, new nail place cells will be created.
a. lateral nail fold
b. lunula
c. matrix
d. nail plate
c. matrix
Ordinarily, replacement of a natural fingernail takes about ________.
a. six to twelve months
b. four to six months
c. six to eight months
d. two to eight months
b. four to six months
The nail growth rate on the _______ is typically the slowest.
a. thumb
b. middle finger
c. pinkie finger
d. index finger
a. thumb
The nail has a water content between ___________.
a. 10-15%
b. 1-5%
c. 20-45%
d. 15-25%
d. 15-25%
The natural nail is an appendage of the _________.
a. dermis
b. epidermis
c. skin
d. skeletal system
c. skin
The appearance of the nails can reflect the general health of the ________.
a. body
b. skin
c. muscular system
d. skeletal system
a. body
The ____ is relatively porous and will allow water to pass through it.
a. nail bed
b. matrix
c. nail plate
d. eponychium
c. nail plate
The matrix contains ___________.
a. muscles and blood vessels
b. nerves, lymph, and blood vessels
c. water and muscles
d. water, ligaments, and blood vessels
b. nerves, lymph, and blood vessels
Tissue that adheres directly to the natural nail plate but which can be removed with gentle scraping is the _______.
a. perionychium
b. hyponychium
c. eponychium
d. cuticle
d. cuticle
Cosmetologists are allowed to gently ____ the eponychium.
a. cut
b. trim
c. push back
d. file
c. push back
Cuticle moisturizers, softeners, and conditioners are actually designed for the eponychium, _____, and hyponychium.
a. cuticle
b. nail plate
c. lateral sidewalls
d. lunula
c. lateral sidewalls
Toenails are thicker than fingernails because the ____ of the toenail is longer than that of the fingernail.
a. nail bed
b. matrix
c. lunula
d. eponychium
b. matrix
Unlike healthy hair, healthy nails are not __________.
a. cut
b. cleaned
c. shed
d. maintained
c. shed
It takes about _____ for toenails to be fully replaced.
a. 3-6 months
b. 6-9 months
c. 9-12 months
d. 12-15 months
c. 9-12 months
The living skin at the base of the natural nail plate covering the matrix area is the _______.
a. eponychium
b. hyponychium
c. cuticle
d. lunula
a. eponychium
The thin layer of tissue that attaches the nail plate and the nail bed is the ________.
a. bed eponychium
b. bed epithelium
d. lateral nail fold
d. onyx
b. bed epithelium
The slightly thickened layer of skin under the nail that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the nail plate is the ______________.
a. epithelium
b. eponychium
c. sidewall
d. hyponychium
d. hyponychium
The dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate is known as the nail __________.
a. bed
b. fold
c. groove
d. cuticle
d. cuticle
The ________ is the area where the nail plate cells are formed.
a. cuticle
b. lunula
c. matrix
d. free edge
c. matrix
