CHAPTER 10: NAIL DISORDERS & DISEASES Flashcards
A normal, healthy nail is firm but flexible and should be _____________.
a. smooth and unspotted
b. uneven with a few ridges
c. long with a satin finish
d. short and opaque
a. smooth and unspotted
If a client has ridges running vertically down the length of the natural nail plate, it is recommended that you ______________.
a. aggressively file the nail plate
b. carefully buff the nail plate
c. thin the nail plate
d. remove the free edge
b. carefully buff the nail plate
The medical term for fungal infections of the feet is _______________.
a. tinea pathogenic
b. tinea pedis
c. tinea alopecia
d. paronychia
b. tinea pedis
A typical pseudomonal bacteria infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a _________ spot that becomes darker in it’s advanced stages.
a. orange-red
b. white-grey
c. blue-green
d. light-green
d. light-green
The separation and falling off of the nail plate from the nail bed is ____________.
a. onychia
b. paronychia
c. onychomadesis
d. pyogenic granuloma
c. onychomadesis
Onychorrhexis is caused by injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers, harsh cleaning agents, aggressive filing techniques, or _____________.
a. illness
b. heredity
c. allergies
d. improper nutrition
b. heredity
Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate are signs of which condition?
a. Paronychia
b. Onychocryptosis
c. Nail psoriasis
d. Onychomycosis
c. Nail psoriasis
The term _________ refers to a condition caused by injury, heredity, or previous disease of the nail unit.
a. nail psoriasis
b. nail pterygium
c. nail disorder
d. nail disease
c. nail disorder
Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the __________.
a. nail plate
b. nail bed
c. free edge
d. lunula
b. nail bed
Nail fungi are contagious and can be transmitted through ________________ instruments.
a. sterilized
b. disinfected
c. contaminated
d. disposable
c. contaminated
Onychomadesis can usually be traced to a localized infection, injuries to the matrix, or ________________.
a. a severe systemic illness
b. an external medication
c. mild allergies
d. a split fingernail
a. a severe systemic disease
Any deformity or disease of the natural nail is known as ____________.
a. onychauxis
b. onychosis
c. onychia
d. paronychia
b. onychosis
Which condition is characterized by nail plates that are noticeably thin, white, and more flexible than normal?
a. melanonychia
b. plicatured nail
c. agnail
d. eggshell nails
d. eggshell nails
Which of the following is a common cause of surface stains on nails?
a. nail polish remover
b. allergies
c. smoking
d. poor blood circulation
c. smoking
The condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot, is ____________.
a. discolored nails
b. bruised nail beds
c. blue fingernails
d. plicatured nails
b. bruised nail beds
The condition in which the living skin around the nail splits and tears is ______________.
a. a hangnail
b. Beau’s lines
c. melanonychia
d. onychophagy
a. a hangnail
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is ______________.
a. onychosis
b. onychocryptosis
c. onycholysis
d. onychomadesis
c. onycholysis
The term __________ refers to darkening of the fingernails or toenails.
a. melanonychia
b. nail pterygium
c. paronychia
d. splinter hemorrhages
a. melanonychia
When increased crosswise curvature throughout the nail plate results in the free edge pinching the sidewalls into a deep curve, it is known as pincer nail or _____________.
a. bruised nail
b. circular nail
c. eggshell nail
d. trumpet nail
d. trumpet nail
Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate are known as ___________.
a. ridges
b. splinters
c. Beau’s lines
d. agnail
c. Beau’s lines
Blue fingernails are usually caused by a lack of _______ in the red blood cells.
a. leukocytes
b. circulating oxygen
c. water
d. melanin
b. circulating oxygen
Koilonychia are soft spoon nails with a _____ shape.
a. convex
b. concave
c. elongated
d. curved
b. concave
The technical term for white spots, or whitish discolorations of the nail is ____________.
a. leukonychia spots
b. albinism
c. melanonychia spots
d. pigment disorder
a. leukonychia spots
The technical term for bitten nails is ________________.
a. onychorrhexis
b. plicatured nails
c. onychophagy
d. onycholysis
c. onychophagy
An abnormal condition that occurs when the skin is stretched by the nail plate is _______________.
a. onychogryposis
b. claw nails
c. ram’s horn
d. nail pterygium
d. nail pterygium
A fungal infection of the natural nail plate is known as ______________.
a. onychomycosis
b. onychia
c. onychogryposis
d. paronychia
a. onychomycosis
A severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate is known as ______________.
a. tinea pedis
b. pyogenic granuloma
c. paronychia
d. onychorrhexis
b. pyogenic granuloma
The technical term for ingrown nail is _______________.
a. nail psoriasis
b. onychorrhexis
c. onychocryptosis
d. onychophagy
c. onychocryptosis
A proper hand analysis will allow you to identify disease, disorders, and conditions, including signs of infection, which may be identified through pain, redness, swelling, throbbing, and ______________.
a. texture
b. pus
c. moisture level
d. scar tissue
b. pus
After performing the nail examination, you should identify any form of onychosis, note the apparent cause, suggest the proper service or refer the client to a physician, and ______________.
a. discuss home maintenance and a future service plan
b. discuss scheduling the next appointment
c. schedule treatment for onychosis
d. thank the client for her time
a. discuss home maintenance and a future service plan
