Chapter 9 - Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
Fundamental human need (Murray) to drive to reach attainable and challenging goals, especially during competition
Need for achievement
Theory of emotion that says our thoughts about our situation lead to emotions
Cognitive Appraisal
Law that suggests that the highest levels of performance occur when there is an optimal level of stress (not too much OR too little)
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Theory of motivation where an association is established between a behavior and its consequences, which then motivates that behavior
Incentive theory
Facial expression of emotion can sometimes impact the emotional experience
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
Need (from self-determination theory) to reach goals through mastery of daily responsibilities
Need for competence
Need (from self-determination theory) to manage behavior to reach personal goals
Need for autonomy
order of events in James-Lange theory
Stimulus -> physiological response -> emotion
Theory of motivation where behavior is driven to fulfill physiological or psychological needs and maintain homeostasis
Drive-reduction theory
Theory of emotion that says body changes and emotions happen together
Cannon-Bard
Emotion that is heritable (35-50%), may have a set point, is habituated when it is new, and is less worthwhile to seek than contentment
Happiness
Need (from self-determination theory) to forge meaningful and lasting relationships
Need for relatedness
Theory of motivation where the drive or urge to continue a behavior comes from internal reinforcers
Intrinsic motivation
Levels on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (from bottom to top)
Physiological, Safety, Love & Belongingness, Esteem, Self-Actualization, Self-Transcendence
order of events in Cognitive Appraisal theory
Stimulus -> Cognitive Labeling -> Emotion
Theory of motivation where complex behaviors that are fixed, unlearned, and consistent are within a species
Instinct theory
Theory of motivation that says humans seek an optimal level of [this thing], as not all motivation stems from drive-reduction
Arousal theory
Activity that is as effective as medication at reducing depression and has countless other physical and physiological benefits
Exercise
order of events in Cannon-Bard theory
Stimulus -> Physiological response AND emotion
Theory of motivation saying humans are born with 3 universal needs that drive them in direction of optimal function
Self-Determination Theory
Theory of motivation where the drive or urge to continue a behavior is because of external reinforcers
Extrinsic motivation
Theory that says people and their bodies have “comfortable” ranges for things like weight, temperature, and level of happiness
Set Point Theory
anything that can direct behavior, thinking, and feeling
Motivation
order of events in Schachter-Singer theory
Stimulus -> Physiological response -> Cognitive Labeling -> Emotion
Fundamental human need (Murray) to drive to have more power and higher status
Need for power
Theory of emotion that says body changes lead to emotions
James-Lange
the feeling aspect of consciousness that manifests itself through physical arousal, behavior, and thinking
emotion
Theory of emotion that says our thoughts about our body changes lead to emotions
Schachter-Singer
trait that is highly-heritable, can decrease later in adolescence, and has been linked to greater tolerance of stressful events
Sensation seeking
Found that men and women are more similar than different in feeling and experiencing emotions
Barrett and Bliss-Moreau
Said that humans are motivated by fundamental human needs
Murray
Studied faces of New Guinea indigenous peoples and found that the same facial expressions represent the same basic emotions across cultures (same even in blind people), but display rules vary
Paul Ekman
