Chapter 5 - Learning Flashcards
Before conditioning the metronome is a
Neutral Stimulus (NS)
3 Problems with Punishment
Learning the wrong lesson, encourages lying, weaker than reinforcement
did experiments on dogs (classical conditioning)
Ivan Pavlov
Add stimulus, increase behavior
Positive Reinforcement
This man’s bobo doll study indicated that individuals learn through imitating others who receive rewards and punishments
Bandura
After conditioning, the metronome becomes a
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
During conditioning the metronome (NS) is paired with food which is a
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
Add stimulus, decrease behavior
Positive Punishment
Reinforcer is given after a predetermined number of desired responses
Fixed-Ratio
Remove stimulus, decrease behavior
Negative Punishment
Behavior followed by reinforcement is likely to occur again, while behavior followed by punishment is not as likely to occur again
Law of Effect
When a reinforcer is delivered intermittently, very effective in maintaining behavior
Partial reinforcement
Two people associated with operant conditioning
B.F. Skinner and E.L. Thorndike
Reinforcer is given when a desired response occurs after a preestablished interval of time
Fixed-Interval
type of learning where connections betweens behaviors and consequences are made
Operant conditioning
Reinforcer is given when a desired response occurs after a certain interval of time which changes from trial to trial
Variable-Interval
Relatively enduring change in behavior or thinking that results from experiences
Learning
When the UCS doe not follow the CS, the CR begins to decrease and eventually becomes extinct
Extinction
performed Little Albert experiment and coined “coffee break”
John Watson
Reinforcer is given after a certain number of desired responses
Variable-Ratio
After a rest period, an extinguished CR randomly recovers, but if the CS persists alone, the CR becomes extinct again
Spontaneous Recovery
type of learning where two different stimuli are associated
Classical conditioning
During conditioning the metronome (NS) and food (UCS) create salivation, which is a
Unconditioned Response (UCR)
Remove stimulus, Increase behavior
Negative Reinforcement
After conditioning, the metronome (CS) causes salivation, which is a
Conditioned Response (CR)
type of learning that occurs by watching or imitating others
Observational learning
