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Human Biology > Chapter 9- Lymphatic and Immune System > Flashcards

Chapter 9- Lymphatic and Immune System Flashcards

Exam 3

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1
Q

4 Functions of Lymphatic System

A

1) absorb excess interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream
2) absorb dietary fats and transport to bloodstream
3) production, maintenencem and distribution of lymphcytes
4) defense against capillaries

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2
Q

Lymphatic capillaries located in small intestine, absorb dietary fats and transport to bloodstream

A

lacteals

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3
Q

Components of lymphatic system (7)

A

1) Spleen
2) Tonsils
3) Red bone marrow
4) Thymus
5) Inguinal lymph nodes
6) Thoracic (left) duct
7) Right duct

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4
Q

Component of Lymphatic system, cleanses blood of cell debris and bacteria, resident WBCs respond to antigens

A

Spleen

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5
Q

Component of Lymphatic system, patches of lymph tissue, helps to prevent entrance of pathogens through the nose and mouth

A

Tonsils

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6
Q

Component of Lymphatic system, site of origin of all types of blood cells

A

Red bone marrow

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7
Q

Component of Lymphatic system, lymph tissue where T lymphocytes mature and learn

A

Thymus

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8
Q

Component of Lymphatic system, cleanse the lymph and alert the immune system to pathogens

A

Inguinal lymph nodes

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9
Q

larger duct that collects lymph from body below the thorax, left arm, left side of head and neck and empties into the left subclavian vein

A

Thoracic duct

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10
Q

smaller duct that returns lymph from the right arm and right side of the head and neck and empties into the right subclavian vein

A

Right duct

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11
Q

carry fluid called lymph, have valves

A

lymphatic vessels

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12
Q

movement of lymph is largely dependent on

A

skeletal muscle contractions

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13
Q

Primary lymphatic organs (2)

A

1) red bone marrow
2) thymus

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14
Q

Secondary lymphatic organs (3)

A

1) lymph nodes
2) spleen
3) tonsils

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15
Q

site of blood cell production, converts to yellow bone marrow as we age

A

red bone marrow

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16
Q

where b lymphocytes mature

A

red bone marrow

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17
Q

what do B lymphocytes do

A

make antibodies

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18
Q

has two lobes (bilobed)

A

thymus

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19
Q

located in thoracic cavity above heart

A

thymus

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20
Q

functions of thymus (2)

A

1) produce thymosin
2) where T cells move from marrow, and where they mature and learn

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21
Q

hormone that induces maturing of T cells, in thymus

A

thymosin

22
Q

What do T lymphocyes do

A

help B lymphocytes

23
Q

the lymphatic organ that filters blood, contains macrophages and divided by connective tissue into white and red pulp

A

Spleen

24
Q

lymphatic organ, filters air and is located in the pharynx

A

tonsils

25
Q

lymphatic organ, filled with mactophages and lymphocytes, and is important for inflammatory responses and adaptive memory, detecting and killing invading microbes

A

Lymph nodes

26
Q

important for inflammatory responses and adaptive memory, detecting and killing invading microbes

A

macrophages

27
Q

lymphatic organ, concentration of lymphoid tissues without capsule

A

lymphatic nodules

28
Q

lymphatic organ, in intestinal walls and known as the “tonsils” of the appendix

A

Peyer patches

29
Q

killing or removing foreign substances, pathogens, or cancer cells from the body

A

Immunity

30
Q

2 branches of immunity

A

1) Innate
2) Adaptive

31
Q

branch of immunity, fully functional without previous exposure to pathogen

A

Innate

32
Q

branch of immunity, initiated when exposed to a pathogen (vaccine, get disease, antibodies)

A

Adapted

33
Q

First line of defense for keeping pathogens out

A

skin, tears and saliva, ear wax and mucus, stomach, vagina, resident bacteria, urination, defecation, vomiting

34
Q

Second line of defense for keeping pathogens out

A

phagocytic cells, inflammation, natural killer cells, compliment proteins, interferons, fever response, histamine

35
Q

Immune defense, dilates blood vessels, makes them leaky and causes compliment proteins to release

A

Histamine

36
Q

Immune defense, plasma proteins that invade bacteria when activated pokes hole in cell walls of bacteria, inflate and explode them

A

Compliment proteins

37
Q

Immune defense, antiviral proteins

A

Interferons

38
Q

Immune defense, a type of lmphocyte that attacks tumor cells and virus infected cells

A

natural killer cells

39
Q

Immune defense, redness, warmth, swelling, pain

A

Inflammation

40
Q

Immune defense, white blood cells that surround and engulf invading bacteria

A

Phagocytic cells

41
Q

Types of phagocytic cells (3)

A

Neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils

42
Q

any substance that triggers an immune response

A

antigens

43
Q

has memory and remembers initial exposure and responds more quickly and aggressively on subsequent exposures

A

Immune response

44
Q

Protein made by B lymphocytes that bind with and neutralize specific antigens

A

Antibodies

45
Q

directly attack foreign cells

A

T lymphocyes

46
Q

a strategy for causing the body to develop immunity to a specific pathogen

A

immunization

47
Q

immunization, intentionally exposing person to a form of antigen that doesn’t produce disease (vaccine)

A

Active

48
Q

Immunization, administer protective antibodies to a person

A

Passive

49
Q

disorder, inability of immune system to distinguish self from non celf cells, body attacks iself

A

autoimmune diseases

50
Q

Autoimmune disease, inflamed connective tissue

A

Lupus

51
Q

Autoimmune disease, inflamed synovial membrane

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

Human Biology (14 decks)

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