Chapter 4- Tissues Flashcards
Exam 2
Study of tissues
Histology
4 Primary Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Tissue that lines body cavities and cover surfaces
Epithelial Tissue function
Epithelial cells adapted to form glands called
Glandular epithelia
Type of gland, secretes products onto hollow organs/ducts and secrete onto the surface of the skin
Exocrine glands
Exocrine gland that keeps skin plyable by oil secretion
Sebaceous gland
Exocrine gland that releases sweat to make you cooler in dry environments
Sweat gland
Type of glad, secretes products (hormones) into the blood for distribution in the body
Endocrine glands
Epithelial cell Classification is by
Shapes and Number of layers
Epithelial cell Shape Classification (3 types)
1) Squamous 2) Cubidal 3)Columnar
Epithelial cell type, fattened cell, line vessels, part of lungs, body surface
Squamous Cells
Epithelial cell type, cube shaped, form lining of tubules (kidneys), and glands
Cubidal Cells
Epithelial Cell Type, column shaped, line respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts
Columnar Cells
Epithelial Cell # Layer Classification (2 types)
1) Simple (single-layered)
2) Stratified (multiple-layered)
Multiple layered
Stratified
Single Layered
Simple
Non cellular layer directly beneath epithelial tissue, provides structural support
Basement Membrane
Groups of cells with common functions
Tissues
Type of tissue, contains cells embedded in non-living extracellular matrix, matrix provides the strength
Connective Tissues
Tissue type that supports softer organs of body, connects parts of body, stores fat, and produces blood cells
Connective tissues
2 Types of Connective Tissues
1) Fiberous
2) Specialized
Type of Connective Tissue, provides strength and elasticity, contains fibers and cells embedded in matrix
Fibrous Connective Tissue
Type of Connective Tissue, serves special function and includes cartilage, bone, blood, and adipose
Specialized Connective Tissue
Intercellular material giving the connective tissue it’s characteristics
Matrix
Gel-like ground substance
Matrix
Types of fibers
Collagen, elastic, and reticular
In connective tissue, Fibers arranged randomly, not as strong
Loose
In connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers going in the same direction, strong
Dense
Specialized Connective Tissues (4)
1) Cartilage
2) Bone
3) Blood
4) Adipose Tissue
Transitional tissue from which bone develops, lines joint cavities
Cartilage
Vertabrael discs are made out of
Cartilage (specialized connective tissue)
Specialized connective tissue that forms the skeleton
Bone
Specialized connective tissue that is a fluid matrix of plasma, transports materials
Blood
Specialized connective tissue that functions in insulation, protection and energy storage
Adipose Tissue
Prevents bone from rubbing against bone
Cartilage
Type of tissue, contracts to produce movement
Muscle Tissues
Types of Muscle Tissues (3)
1) Skeletal Muscles
2) Cardiac Muscles
3) Smooth Muscles
Type of muscle tissue, moves body parts VOLUNTARY
Skeletal Muscles
Type of Muscle Tissue, has multi- nucleated cells
Skeletal Muscles
Type of Muscle Tissue, functions in the heart, and involuntary
Cardiac Muslces
Type of Muscle Tissue, single nucleated cells that interconnect with each other and discs (electric signals)
Cardiac Muscles
Type of Muscle Tissue, surrounds hollow structures, involuntary
Smooth Muscles
Type of Muscle Tissue, single nucleus, cells thin and tapered
Smooth Muscles
Type of Tissue, transmits impulses
Nervous tissues
Specialized nervous system cell, generates and transmits electrical impulses- tells body what to do
Neuron
Structures of a neuron
Cell body, dendrites, axon
Specialized nervous system cell, surround and protects and supports neurons (but that’s not all)
Glial Cells
Block communication between neurons
Neurotoxins
Botulism (botox) - loosens and tetus- contractions
are examples of
Neurotoxins