Chapter 9: Joints

Question 1

4 Major Joint Categories

Answer 1

Bony
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 2

Bony Joint (Synostosis)

Answer 2

immovable joint formed when gap between 2 bones ossifies, becomes single bone

Question 3

Fibrous Joint

Answer 3

adjacent bones are bound by collagen fibers, emerging from one bone going into another

Question 4

Cartilaginous Joint

Answer 4

two bones linked by cartilage

Question 5

sutures

Answer 5

immovable/ slightly movable fibrous joint that binds bones of skull to each other

Question 6

Gomphosis

Answer 6

attachment of tooth in its socket

Question 7

Syndesmosis

Answer 7

bound by longer collagenous fibers giving the bones more mobility

Question 8

Symphysis

Answer 8

two bones joined by fibrocartilage

Question 9

Synchrondrosis

Answer 9

bound by hyaline cartilage

Question 10

Characteristics of Synovial Joints

Answer 10

Freely Moving
Most Complex

Most likely to develop painful disfunction

Question 11

Articular Cartilage

Answer 11

hyaline cartilage that covers facing surfaces of two bones

Question 12

Joint cavity

Answer 12

separates articular surfaces

Question 13

synovial fluid

Answer 13

slippery lubricant in joint cavity

Question 14

Joint capsule

Answer 14

connective tissue that encloses the cavity and retains the fluid

Question 15

Accessory Structures

Answer 15

Tendon
Ligament
Bursa
Tendon Sheaths

Question 16

Tendon

Answer 16

collagenous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Question 17

Ligaments

Answer 17

similar tissue that attaches one bone to another

Question 18

Bursa

Answer 18

sacs filled with synovial fluid between muscle, tendon passes over bone or between bone and skin

cushion muscle

Question 19

Tendon Sheath

Answer 19

enlongated cylindrical bursae wrapped around a tendon

Question 20

Meniscus

Answer 20

in knee, two cartilage extend inward from left and right but do not fully close

Question 21

Articular Disc

Answer 21

forms pad between articulating bones that crosses entire joint

Question 22

First-class lever

Answer 22

fulcrum between effort and resistance

seesaw

Question 23

Second-class lever

Answer 23

resistance between fulcrum and effort

wheelbarrel

Question 24

Third-class lever

Answer 24

effort between resistance and fulcrum

rowing boat

most joint in body

Question 25

Ball-and-socket-joint

Answer 25

smooth, head fits into cuplike sockets

ex: shoulder joint, Hip joint

only multiaxial joint

Question 26

Condylar Joint

Answer 26

oval convex on one bones fits into complementary-shaped depression on the other

Radoiocarpal Joint (wrist)
Metacarpophalangeal Joint (bases of fingers)

Biaxial Joint

Question 27

Saddle Joint

Answer 27

concave in once direction and convex in the other

Trapexiometacarpal (base of thumb)
Sternoclavicular Joint (clavicle)

Question 28

Plane Joint

Answer 28

flat articular suface that bones slide over each other with relatively limited movement

Biaxial

Question 29

Hinge Joint

Answer 29

one bone w/ convex surface fits into a concave depression in another bone

ex: elbow, knee, fingers and toes

Monoaxial

Question 30

Pivot Joint

Answer 30

one bone has projection held in place by ringlike liga ment

monoaxial