Chapter 8: Skeletal System(revised) Flashcards
What are the two regions of the skeleton?
Axial
Appendicular
Axial
Head
Trunk
Vertebrate
2 types of variations?
Sesamoid Bones
Sutural Bones
Sesamoid Bones
form within some tendons in response to strain(patella)
Sutural Bones
Extra bones in skull
Articulations
Condyle
Head
Condyle
rounded knob
Head
expanded end of a bone
Extensions and Projections
Crest
Process
Crest
a narrow ridge
Process
any bony prominence(projection)
Tubercle
Small rounded process
Spine
Sharp, narrow process
Fossa
shallow and broad depression or basin
Canal
Tubular passage
Foramen
hole through a bone
Sinus
Air filled space in a bone
Paranasal Sinuses
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxillary
5 Vertebrae Groups
Thoracic Lumbar Cervical Coccygeal Sacral
Cervical
neck, 7 vertebrae
Thoracic
Chest, 12 vertebra
Lumbar
Lower Back, 5 vertebrae
Sacral
spine base, 5 fused vertebrae
Coccygeal
tailbone, 4 fused vertebrae
Scoliosis
most common, abnormal lateral deviation
Kyphosis
Hunchback, result of osteoporosis
Lordosis
exaggerated lumbar curvature, result of large abdominal weight
Bones in the Thoracic Cage
Thoracic vertebrae
Sternum
Ribs
Function of the Thoracic Cage
encloses heart and lungs
provides attachment for pectoral girdle and upper limbs
protects spleen, liver, and kidney
BREATHING
Bones in the Pectoral Girdle?
Clavicle (collar bone)
Scapula(shoulder blades)-
Functions of the Pectoral Girdle
Supports arm and links it to the axial skeleton
Bones in the Pelvic Girdle?
2 hip bones
Sacrum
(forms a ring)
Functions of the Pelvic Girdle
support trunk of lower limbs
encloses and protects the viscera of the pelvic cavity(colon,urinary bladder, reproductive organs)
