Chapter 9: Gender dysphoria, Paraphilia, Sexual Disorders Flashcards
What is gender identity?
One’s psychological sense of being male, female, intersex, nonbinary, etc.
What is gender dysphoria?
Disorder in which an individual experiences significant personal distress or impaired functioning as a result of a discrepency between their anatomic sex and gender identity.
What is transgender identity?
Type of gender in which the indiviudal has the psychological sense of belonging to the gender opposite of their anatomical sex.
When does gender dysphoria typically begin?
Childhood.
What gender is dysphoria greatest in?
Men.
What is the psychodynamic perspective on gender dysphoria?
Extremely close mother-son relationships, parents with empty relationships, fathers who were absent or detached.
What is the learning perspective on gender dysphoria?
Unavailability of a strong male role model.
What is the treatment for gender dysphoria?
Hormone therapy
Living as identified gender
Sex reassignment
Psychotherapy
What are paraphilic disorders?
Recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving inappropriate or inanimate things.
What is the gender of the majority of people with paraphilic disorders?
Male.
What is exhibitionist disorder?
Recurrent, powerful urges to expose one’s genitals to an unsuspecting stranger.
What is fetishistic disorder?
Recurrent, powerful sexual urges and arousing fantasies involving inanimate objects or nongenital body parts. Thought to be a type of conditioning.
What is transvestic disorder?
Recurrent, powerful urges and related fantasies involving cross-dressing for purpose of sexual arousal. Most men with this disorder are heterosexual.
What is voyeuristic disorder?
Recurrent, powerful sexual urges and related fanatsies involve watching unsuspecting people engage in sexual activity or disrobe.
What is frotteuristic disorder?
Recurrent sexual urges or sexually arousing fantasies involving bumping and rubbing against nonconsenting victims for sexual gratification.
Think cars, subways, buses, elevators.
What is pedophilic disorder?
Sexual urges or fantasies involving prepubescent children.
What is diagnostic criteria for pedophilic disorder?
Must be at least 16 and 5 years older than victim.
Extensive use of child pornography.
Who is the typical indiviudal diagnosed with pedophilic disorder?
Law-abiding males in 30s-40s, married or divorded with children.
What are the effects of child sexual abuse?
Psychological problems Eating disorders Premature sexual behavior Drug abuse Suicidal ideation PTSD
What is sexual masochism disorder?
Urges or fantasies involving suffering or being hurt in some way to obtain sexual gratification.
What is hypoxyphilia?
Masochistic disorder in which a person achieves sexual gratification from being deprived of oxygen.
What is sexual sadism disorder?
Sexual urges or fantasies involving inflicting pain on partners for sexual gratification.
What is telephone scatologia?
Obscene phone calls.
What is necrophilia?
Sexual urges or fantasies about sexual contact with corpses.
What is zoophilia?
Sexual urges or fantasies about sexual contact with animals
What is coprophilia?
Sexual urges or fantasies involving feces.
What is the psychodynamic perspective on paraphilic disorders?
Castration anxiety from oedipal period.
What is the learning perspective on paraphilic disorder?
Conditioning and observational learning.
What is the biological perspective on paraphilic disorders?
Higher sex drive in males, differences in brainwave patterns.
What is the treatment for paraphilic disorders?
Psychoanalysis, CBT, anti-depressants or anti-anxiety medication, antiandrogen to reduce testosterone.
What are the three levels of sexual assault?
1: non-consensual bodily contact for sexual purpose.
2. Assault in a weapon.
3. Aggravated; physical harm and/or threat of death.
How many incidences of sexual assault are reported to the police?
1/20
In how many cases is the woman acquainted with the assailant?
80%
What is the theoretical perspective on sexual assault?
Driven by the desire to dominate women or express hatred toward them.
What is treatment for sexual-assault survivors?
Crisis intervention (emotional support) Long-term treatment with therapy.
What is sexual dysfunction?
Problems with sexual interest, arousal, or response.
What is the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in men and women?
40% women
20-30% men
What are the three types of sexual dysfunction?
- Problems with sexual interest or arousal
- Problem with orgasmic response
- Problems with penetration.
What is the biological perspective on sexual dysfunction disorders?
Testosterone levels in men and women.
Thyroid overactivity or underactivity
Diabetes
Medical conditions
What is the learning perspective on sexual dysfunction disorders?
Conditioned anxiety
What is the cognitive perspective on sexual dysfunction disorders?
Irrational beliefs and attitudes, performance anxiety
What are treatment options for sexual dysfunction disorders?
Sex therapy Relaxation techniques Masturbation Stop-and-go technique Viagra/cialis.
What is sex addiction?
Disorder causing impairment and distress characterized by frequent and uncontrolled sexual activity.
