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Term 2 : Dental Radiography > Chapter 9: Film processing > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Film processing Flashcards

1
Q

a series of steps that produce a visible permanent image on a dental radiograph.

A

film processing

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2
Q

The purpose of film processing is twofold, as follows:

A
  1. CONVERT latent image into a visible image

2. PRESERVE visible image so that it is permanent

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3
Q

this absorbs x-radiation during x-ray exposure and store the energy from the radiation

A

silver halide crystals

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4
Q

latent image

A

stored energy on the exposed film that cannot be seen until processed

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5
Q

when the halide portion of the exposed, energized silver halide crystal is removed. This is called :

A

reduction

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6
Q

this initiates a chemical reaction that REDUCES the exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver and creates dark or black areas on a dental radiograph

A

developer solution

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7
Q

REMOVES the unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white or clear areas on the dental radiograph.

A

fixer solution

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8
Q

this structure is one that readily permits the passage of the x-ray beam and allows more x-rays to reach the film.

A

radiolucent

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9
Q

this structure is one that resists the passage of the x-ray beam and restricts or limits the amount of x-rays that reach the film.

A

radiopaque

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10
Q

two types of film processing techniques

A

manual

automatic

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11
Q

Automatic film processing consists of the following four steps:

A

development
fixing
washing
drying

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12
Q

light-shielded compartments, that can be used in a room with white light

A

daylight loader

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13
Q

Automatic processing is preferred by many dentists as a method of film processing for the following reasons:

A

less processing time

time and temp automatically controlled

less equipment is used

less space is required.

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14
Q

encases all the component parts of the automatic processor.

A

processor housing

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15
Q

an opening on the outside of the processor housing used to insert unwrapped films into the automatic processor.

A

film feed slot

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16
Q

is a system of rollers used to move the film rapidly through the developer, fixer, water, and drying compartments.

A

roller film transporter

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17
Q

holds heated air and is used to dry the wet film.

A

drying chamber

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18
Q

used to maintain proper solution concentration and levels

A

replenisher pump and replenishing solutions

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19
Q

an opening on the outside of the processor housing where the dry, processed radiograph emerges from the automatic processor.

A

film recovery slot

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20
Q

how often should the automatic processor be cleaned

A

daily or weekly cleaning

21
Q

what is used to clean the rollers of the automatic processor

A

cleaning film

22
Q

Processing solutions in the automatic processor must be replaced how often?

A

2-6 weeks

23
Q

steps of manual film processing

A 
developing
rinsing
fixing
washing 
drying
24
Q

which solution softens the film emulsion ?

A

development

25
Q

necessary to remove the developer from the film and stop the development process

A

rinsing

26
Q

which solution hardens the film emulsion ?

A

fixer

27
Q

The final step in manual film processing

A

drying

28
Q

generates the black tones and the sharp contrast of the radiographic image

A

Hydroquinone

29
Q

optimal temerapture for developer solution

A

68F

30
Q

also known as metol, acts quickly to produce a visible radiographic image. this generates the many shades of gray seen on a dental radiograph

A

Elon

31
Q

prevents the developer solution from oxidizing in the presence of air.

A

preservative (sodium sulfite)

32
Q

is used in the developer solution as an accelerator.

A

sodium carbonate

33
Q

purpose of the accelerator (also called the activator) is to :

A

activate developing agents

34
Q

The essential piece of equipment required for manual processing is a _____

A

processing tank

35
Q

Two removable 1-gallon insert tanks hold the developer and fixer solutions.

A

insert tanks

36
Q

this tank suspends both insert tanks and is filled with circulating water.

A

master tank

37
Q

a device equipped with clips used to hold films during processing

A

film hangers

38
Q

used to agitate the developer and fixer solutions before processing.

A

stirring rod/ stirring paddle

39
Q

Any white light that “leaks” into the darkroom (e.g., from around a door or through a vent) is termed

A

light leak

40
Q

x-ray film is extremely sensitive to visible white light. Any leaks of white light in the darkroom cause ___ ______

A

film fogging

41
Q

Any white light that “leaks” into the darkroom

A

light leak

42
Q

what causes film fogging

A

light leaks

43
Q

special type of lighting used to provide illumination in the darkroom is termed safelighting.

low-intensity light composed of long wavelengths in the red-orange portion of the visible light spectrum.

A

safelighting

44
Q

safelight filter removes the short wavelengths in the blue-green portion of the visible light spectrum that are responsible for exposing and damaging x-ray film.

A

safelight filter

45
Q

how far should safelight be placed

A

4 ft away from the film and work area

46
Q

A relative humidity level of between __ and __% should be maintained

A

50 & 70

47
Q

if the room temperature exceeds 90° F ___ ____ results

A

film fogging

48
Q

The duplication of film requires the use of a ______ and _______ ____

A

film duplicator

duplicating film

49
Q

the process that occurs when developer and fixer solutions combine with oxygen and lose strength, takes place when the processing solutions are exposed to air.

A

oxiditation

Term 2 : Dental Radiography (29 decks)

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