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Term 2 : Dental Radiography > Chapter 8: Dental xray Image characteristics > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Dental xray Image characteristics Flashcards

1
Q

A structure that appears _______ lacks density and permits the passage of the x-ray beam with little or no resistance.

A

radiolucent

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2
Q

refers to that portion of an image that appears light or white.

A

Radiopaque

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3
Q

provides a great deal of information; the images exhibit proper density and contrast, are of the same shape and size as the object exposed, and have sharp outlines.

A

diagnostic image

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4
Q

Two visual characteristics that directly influence the diagnostic quality of a dental image.

A

density and contrast

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5
Q

three exposure factors control the density of a dental image, as follows:

A

kilovoltage
milliamperage
exposure time

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6
Q

higher mA = ____ density = darker

A

higher

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7
Q

higher kV = _______ density

A

higher

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8
Q

higher exposure time = _______ density

A

higher

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9
Q

higher subject thickness = _______ density

A

lower

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10
Q

higher kV=_______ scale contrast

A

long scale contrast

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11
Q

lower kV= _______ scale contrast

A

short scale contrast

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12
Q

If the kilovoltage is increased, the density increases, and the image appears __________

A

darker

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13
Q

if kilovoltage is decreased, the density decreases, and the image appears ___________

A

lighter

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14
Q

Density is directly related to ______ ____

A

exposure time

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15
Q

An image that does not have very dark and very light areas but instead has many shades of gray demonstrates ______ _____ .

A

low contrast

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16
Q

When viewed on a light source, a dental image that has very dark areas and very light areas demonstrates ____ ______

A

high contrast

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17
Q

refers to the characteristics of the film that influence radiographic contrast

A

film contrast

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18
Q

Development time or the temperature of the developer solution affects the contrast of a dental radiograph. For example, an increase in development time or developer temperature results in a film with high contrast. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

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19
Q

subject contrast

A

characteristics of the subject that influence radiographic contrast.

20
Q

X-rays with higher energy are better able to penetrate tissue. T or F

A

True

21
Q

A dental image that shows only two densities, areas of black and areas of white has a ___ _____ scale

A

short contrast scale

22
Q

An image that exhibits a short contrast scale can also be described as having high contrast, in which the _____ and ______ areas are easily distinguished from each other

A

black and white

23
Q

A dental image that exhibits many densities, or many shades of gray, has a ____ _____ scale

A

long contrast scale

24
Q

A device known as a _______can be used to demonstrate short-scale contrast and long-scale contrast.

A

stepwedge

25
Q

used to monitor the qualities of the film, the film processing, and the digital sensor, as well as calibration of the x-ray machine

A

stepwedge

26
Q

Three geometric characteristics that influence the diagnostic quality of a dental image :

A

sharpness
magnification
distortion

27
Q

(also known as detail, resolution, or definition) refers to the capability of the receptor to reproduce the distinct outlines of an object

A

sharpness

28
Q

unsharpness, or blurring, of the edges.

A

penumbra

29
Q

The sharpness of an image is influenced by the following three factors:

A

focal spot size
film composition
movement

30
Q

the tungsten target of the anode serves as a ____ ____ this small area converts bombarding electrons into x-ray photons.

A

focal spot

31
Q

The size of the focal spot ranges from _____ to _____

A

0.6 , 1.0 mm

32
Q

The smaller the focal spot area, the ______the image; the larger the focal spot area, the greater the loss of ____ _____

A

sharper

image sharpness

33
Q

The composition of the film emulsion influences sharpness. T or F

A

TRUE

34
Q

refers to a radiographic image that appears larger than the actual size of the object it represents.

A

magnification

35
Q

Magnification, or enlargement of a radiographic image, results from the diverging x-ray beam. TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

36
Q

The magnification on a dental image is influenced by the following:

A

target receptor distance

object- receptor distance

37
Q

target receptor distance

A

distance between source of xrays and the image receptor

38
Q

which PID results in less image magnification? Longer PID or shorter PID

A

longer PID and target receptor distance.

Longer PID limits magnification

39
Q

Object receptor distance

A

distance between the object being radiographed and the image receptor

40
Q

A decrease in object-receptor distance results in a decrease in magnification, and an increase in object-receptor distance results in an increase in image magnification . T OR F

A

TRUE

41
Q

distortion of a radiographic image is a variation in the true size and shape of the object being radiographed. This type of image does not have the same size and shape as the object being radiographed .

A

distortion

42
Q

The dimensional distortion of a radiographic image is influenced by the following

A

Object receptor alignment

x-ray beam angulation

43
Q

To minimize dimensional distortion, the object and receptor must be______ to each other.

A

parallel

44
Q

To minimize dimensional distortion, the x-ray beam must be directed ________to the tooth and the receptor.

A

perpendicular

45
Q

Of the three exposure factors only the ______ has a direct influence on contrast

A

Kilovoltage

Term 2 : Dental Radiography (29 decks)

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