Chapter 9 - Endocrine And Reproductive Drugs Flashcards
what is the relationship between hormonal releasing factors, trophic hormones, and hormones produced by specific tissues/glands?
- releasing factors are messengers made by the hypothalamus.
- RFs send messages to the pituitary so it manufactures trophic hormones.
- trophic hormones stimulate tissue/gland to produce hormones.
what are the major endocrine glands?
- pituitary
- thyroid
- ovaries
- testicles
- adrenals
- pancreas
uses of hormonal therapy?
correct a deficiency/obtain a desired effect.
Endogenous hormones are produced _____
in the body
exogenous hormones come from ____
outside the body
location and function of pituitary?
- base of the brain, ventral to hypothalamus
- control activity of other endocrine glands.
what is the difference between negative and positive feedback control mechanisms?
negative feedback is due to high levels of hormones, reduces amount of releasing factor. Positive is in response to a low level, increases RF.
oxytocin release by posterior pituitary is controlled through the _____ mechanism
neurohormonal reflex
GnRH is classified as a/an______
gonadotropin
hormonal products with “gest” in their name are classified as ____
progestins
3 potential uses of the prostaglandins
- estrus synchronization
- induce abortion
- induce estrus
human contact with prostaglandins can be a serious health risk for _____
pregnant women and individuals with asthma.
before oxytocin acts on the uterus, the uterus must be primed by ___ and ____.
estrogen and progesterone.
precautions before oytocin administration?
- examine repro tract for blockage or torsion.
- verify that the cervix has dilated.
what 2 active hormones are produced by the thyroid?
Triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4)
2 drugs used to treat hypothyroidism.
soloxine, synthroid.
3 major classes of insulin
- short-acting (regular/lispro/aspart)
- intermediate-acting (NPH/PZI/Lente)
- long-acting (Glargine/Determir)
What form of insulin treats ketoacidosis?
regular
what form(s) of insulin must be resuspended before use?
NPH/PZI/Lente (intermediate)
What are some signs of insulin overdose?
weakness, ataxia, shaking, seizures
growth promoters are contraindicated in animals intended for ____
breeding
why are anabolic steroids controlled?
potential abuse by athletes
shake which insulin thoroughly before use?
Vetsulin
what precautions should be taken by pregnant women when handling Regu-Mate?
wear gloves, avoid contact with skin.
why is synthetic DES banned in food animals?
residue have a likely link to cervical cancer
prostaglandin causes lysis of the ____ at the end of pregnancy or diestrus
Corpus Luteum
the endometrium lines the ____
Uterus
which hormone results in the production of a second hormone within a target gland?
Trophic
GnRH is produced in the ____
Hypothalamus
___ are a group of naturally occurring, long-chain fatty acids that mediate various physiologic events in the body
prostaglandins
____ causes uterine contractions
Oxytocin
corticosteroids are produced by the ___
adrenal cortex
Levothyroxine is used to treat ____
Hypothyroidism
Cushings is caused by excessive circulating ____
cortisol
pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in dogs can be treated with ____
Lysodren and Vetoryl
U-40 syringes have what color top?
Red
Two veterinary-approved insulin products?
Vetsulin, ProZinc.
