Chapter 9. Conduct Problems

Question 1

Adolescent-onset conduct problems

Answer 1

A developmental pathway in which youths first show conduct problems after age 10 years; associated with risk of behavior and employment difficulties in adulthood

Question 2

Aggression Replacement Training (ART)

Answer 2

A multimodal, cognitive–behavioral treatment designed for adolescents with histories of disruptive, aggressive, and antisocial behavior; consists of (1) skillstreaming, (2) anger control training, and (3) moral reasoning training

Question 3

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD)

Answer 3

A DSM-5 disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others; signs and symptoms include impulsive, irritable, and aggressive behavior; reckless or illegal acts, lack of remorse, and failure to live up to social obligations

Question 4

Childhood-onset conduct problems

Answer 4

A developmental pathway in which youths first begin showing conduct problems prior to age 10 years; associated with persistent conduct problems through adolescence and risk of antisocial behavior in adulthood

Question 5

Coercive family process

Answer 5

A type of parent–child interaction in which parents negatively reinforce children for noncompliance while children negatively reinforce parents for giving in to their demands or tantrums

Question 6

Conduct disorder (CD)

Answer 6

A DSM-5 disorder characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated; signs and symptoms include (1) aggression, (2) property destruction, (3) deceitfulness or theft, and (4) serious rule violations

Question 7

Covert symptoms

Answer 7

Antisocial behaviors that usually do not involve physical aggression or confronting others; examples include breaking and entering, burglarizing, lying, skipping school, and running away from home

Question 8

Deviancy training

Answer 8

A tendency for peers to reinforce antisocial behavior and ignore, or not reinforce, prosocial behavior

Question 9

Dual failure model

Answer 9

Posits that conduct problems cause children to experience failure in two important areas of functioning: peer relationships and academics; failure in these areas contributes to depression

Question 10

Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study

Answer 10

A 40-year prospective, longitudinal study investigating the long-term mental health outcomes of youths

Question 11

Hostile parenting

Answer 11

Harsh disciplinary tactics, such as yelling, arguing, spanking, hitting, criticizing, or using guilt and shame

Question 12

Incredible Years program

Answer 12

A series of behavioral modules designed for parents, teachers, and children; relies on instruction by the therapist, in-session activities, and videos modeling desired skills or behaviors

Question 13

Intermittent explosive disorder (IED)

Answer 13

A DSM-5 disorder characterized by repeated angry outbursts resulting in verbal and/or physical aggression

Question 14

Limited prosocial emotions

Answer 14

A specifier used in DSM-5 to describe youths with CD who also show two of the following: (1) lack of remorse or guilt, (2) callousness or lack of empathy, (3) lack of concern about performance, and (4) shallow or deficient affect

Question 15

Multisystemic therapy (MST)

Answer 15

An intensive form of family- and community-based treatment effective for adolescents with more serious conduct problems; consists of (1) family therapy, (2) academic/school support, and (3) increased parental monitoring

Question 16

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

Answer 16

A DSM-5 disorder characterized by a pattern of (1) angry or irritable mood, (2) argumentative or defiant behavior, and/or (3) vindictiveness toward others; lasts at least 6 months and causes impairment or distress

Question 17

Overt symptoms

Answer 17

Observable and confrontational antisocial acts; examples include physical assault, robbery, bullying

Question 18

Parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT)

Answer 18

A variation of PMT in which parents and children are coached by therapists as they interact in real time

Question 19

Parent management training (PMT)

Answer 19

A behavioral intervention designed to help parents attend to and reinforce adaptive child behaviors and reduce noncompliant or defiant actions using noncoercive discipline

Question 20

Parental monitoring

Answer 20

The degree to which caregivers (1) are aware of their child’s whereabouts, activities, and peers; (2) set appropriate limits on their child’s activities; and (3) consistently discipline their child when the child violates these limits

Question 21

Premack’s principle

Answer 21

A behavioral heuristic that asserts that a child will be more motivated to perform an undesirable activity if he knows that he will be able to partake in a more desirable activity as a consequence

Question 22

Proactive aggression

Answer 22

Physical violence or property destruction deliberately enacted to obtain a desired goal

Question 23

Problem-solving skills training (PSST)

Answer 23

A cognitive intervention in which disruptive youths learn ways to perceive, interpret, and respond to interpersonal problems in more effective (less biased) ways

Question 24

Psychopathy

Answer 24

A term used by some mental health professionals to describe a syndrome characterized by antisocial behavior, impulsivity, shallow affect, narcissism, and disregard for the suffering of others; also associated with callousness, a lack of emotional responsiveness, and superficial charm

Question 25

Reactive aggression

Answer 25

Physical violence or property destruction in response to a threat, a frustrating event, or provocation

Question 26

Relational aggression

Answer 26

A form of aggression, disproportionately shown by girls, in which youths harm others’ mood, self-concept, or social status by damaging or manipulating relationships

Question 27

Robins paradox

Answer 27

(1) most adults with antisocial behavior have a history of antisocial behavior in childhood; but (2) most children with antisocial behavior do not become antisocial adults

Question 28

Selective affiliation

Answer 28

A tendency of peer-rejected children to seek out other rejected youths for their social network

Question 29

Social information processing

Answer 29

An approach to perceiving, interpreting, and solving social dilemmas or disputes consisting of six steps; aggressive youths often show biases or deficiencies in these steps

Question 30

Treatment Foster Care Oregon

Answer 30

A behavioral treatment for youths involved in the juvenile justice, child welfare, or mental health care systems; youths live in treatment foster homes and are reinforced for appropriate behavior

Question 31

Treatment of Severe Child Aggression (TOSCA) study

Answer 31

A randomized controlled study that showed that adding risperidone to traditional ADHD treatment could reduce aggression in children who did not respond to traditional treatment alone