Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration Flashcards
The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP
synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the
(A) oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds.
(B) flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
(C) H + concentration gradient across the membrane holding
ATP synthase.
(D) transfer of phosphate to ADP.
Q1 B
The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is
(A) O2.
(B) water.
(C) NAD +.
(D) pyruvate
Q3 B
In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions
(A) are the source of energy driving prokaryotic ATP synthesis.
(B) provide the energy that establishes the proton gradient.
(C) reduce carbon atoms to carbon dioxide.
(D) are coupled via phosphorylated intermediates to endergonic processes
Q4 A
When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of
mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?
(A) The pH of the matrix increases.
(B) ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport.
(C) The electrons gain free energy.
(D) NAD + is oxidized
Q6 D
Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What is the
final acceptor for its electrons during fermentation? During
aerobic respiration? During anaerobic respiration?
derivative of pyruvate, such as acetaldehyde during alcohol fermentation,
or pyruvate itself during lactic acid fermentation; O2; another electron acceptor
at the end of an electron transport chain, such as sulfate (
glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an aerobic
environment to an anaerobic one. How would its rate of
glucose consumption change if ATP were to be generated at
the same rate?
The cell
would need to consume glucose at a rate about 16 times the consumption rate
in the aerobic environment (2 ATP are generated by fermentation versus up to
32 ATP by cellular respiration).
What processes in your cells produce the CO2 that you
exhale?
The CO2 that we exhale is produced by pyruvate oxidation and the
citric acid cycle.
Name the net inputs and outputs of glycolysis
- Glucose —> 2 pyruvate + 2H2O
- NAD+ + 4e- + 4 H+ —> 2 NADH + 2H+
- 4 ATP formed- 2 used—> 2 ATP
Pyruvate dehydrogenase removes hydrogen from which molecule during pyruvate oxidation? What happens to that hydrogen?
The hydrogen in Coenzyme A
Hydrogen attached to become NADH
Where do the protons that were generated by the pumps from NADH and FADH2 in the ETC go?
They go through ATP synthase and become ATP, around 32
TorF: Glycolysis is anaerobic because it does not require oxygen
True
The GTP generated in the krebs cycle will create
1 ATP
Describe the products of the krebs cycle
3 NADH
one FADH2
1 ATP
2 pyruvate means
6 NADH
2 FADH2
2 ATP
Where deos oxidative phosphorylation occur?
inner membrane of mitochondrion
Why does aerobic respiration rely on Oxygen to create the bulk of the ATP?
O2 is the final electron acceptor in the ETC
