Chapter 9 Flashcards
Ionic Compounds
Consists of a positive ion and a negative nonmetal ion.
Their net charge equals zero.
Monatomic Ions
Consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons.
Cations
A positive ion.
Groups 1,2, and 13
Lose electrons with charges equal to a group number.
Anions
A negative ion.
Group A nonmetal.
The charge is determined by subtracting 8 from the group number.
Ions of Transition Metals
Can form more than one cation.
Stock System
Use roman numerals in parenthesis for the charge.
Old System
Uses suffixes “ous” for lowest charge and “ic” for the highest charge.
Polyatomic Ions
Composed of more than one atom having a charge.
Polyatomic Ion Names
Most ends in -ite (least oxygen) or -ate (most oxygen)
Binary Compound
Composed of two elements and is either ionic or molecular.
Acid
A compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms and produces Hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
Base
Ionic compound that produces hydroxide ion (OH-) when dissolved in water.
The Law of Definite Proportions
States that in samples of any chemical compound, the masses of the elements are always the same proportions.
The Law of Multiple Proportions
Whenever the same two elements form more than one compound, they still have a set chemical formula.
