Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are the 2 properties of matter?
extensive and intensive
Extensive Properties
depends on the amount of matter
Intensive Properties
depends on the type of matter, not the amount
Substance
has a uniform and definite composition
the composition of a material is fixed
Physical Property
can be observed or measured without changing the composition
Ex. any phase change
What are the three states of matter?
solid, liquid, and gas
Solid
definite shape and volume
Liquid
definte volume but no definite shape
takes the shape of the container
can flow
Gas
neither definite shape nor volume
fills container
can flow
Vapor
Gaseous state of a substance that is generally a solid or liquid at room temp.
Physical Changes
changes the apperance of the substance, not the composition
Ex. any phase change
List and Describe the 4 phase changes.
boiling: l-g
condensing: g-l
freezing: l-s
melting: s-l
What are the two types of physical change?
reversible and irreversible
Reversible
can go back to the beginning
Ex. any phase change
Irreversible
cannont go back to the beginning
Ex. cutting
Mixture
a physical blend of two or more components
the composition may vary
What are the two types of mixtures?
heterogenous and homogenous
Heterogenous
composition is not uniform
Ex. concrete
Homogenous
composition is uniform throughout
another name is solution
Ex. vinegar
Phase
any substance that is uniform in composition and properties
Filtration
the process that seperates a solid from a liquid in heterogenous mixtures
distilation
boiling a liquid to produce a vapor that is condensed back into a liquid
Do any two substances have the same pase changes?
no
Element
the simpilest form of matter that has its own unique properties
Ex, Oxygen, Carbon
Compound
two or more elements chemically combined
Ex. Water, Glucose
Chemical Change
changes the chemical composition of the substance
cannot go back to the beginning
Ex. Burning
Chemical Symbols
first leter is capatilized
if there are three letters it is human made
Chemical Property
the ability to undergo a chamical change
Ex. Rusting, rotting
Chemical Reaction
same as chemical change
changes the composition
What are the possible clues of a chemical change?
transfer of energy, change in color, the production of gas, or formation of a precipitate
Precipitate
when a solid forms and settles from a liquid mixture
Law of Conservation of Mass
states that in any physical or chamical change, mass is conserved
mass cannot be created or destroyed
