Chapter 10

Question 1

Do we live in a quantitive or a qualitative world?

Answer 1

Quantitive

Question 2

How do we measure matter?

Answer 2

1. Count all of the atoms
2. Measure mass
3. Measure volume

Question 3

Avogrados Number

Answer 3

1 mole = 6.022x10^23

SI unit of measurement for the amount of substance.

Question 4

Representative Particles

Answer 4

Refers to the species present in a substance.

Usually atoms, molecules, or formula unit.

Question 5

Diatomic Molecules

Answer 5

Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

Question 6

Molar Mass

Answer 6

mass of a mole of an element

Question 7

Is the volume of one mole of different solid and liquid substances the same?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

Avogadro’s hypothesis

Answer 8

States that an equal volume of gases at the same temperature and pressure contains an equal number of particles.

Question 9

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

Answer 9

means the temp. of 0 degrees C and a pressure of 101.3 kPa or 1 atm.

Question 10

Molar volume

Answer 10

22.4 L

Question 11

% composition

Answer 11

the percent by mass of each element in a compound

Question 12

Empirical Formula

Answer 12

the lowest whole number ratio of the atoms of the elements in a compound.

Question 13

representative particles to mass

Answer 13

divide by AV#

Question 14

representative particles to grams

Answer 14

# divided by molar mass, multiplied by AV#
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# divided by AV#, multiplied by molar mass

Question 15

grams to mass

Answer 15

# multiplied by molar mass
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# divided by molar mass

Question 16

liters to mass

Answer 16

# multiplied by 22.4
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# divided by 22.4

Question 17

Density of an Element

Answer 17

molar mass divided by 22.4

Question 18

% Composition

Answer 18

Find molar mass, add the masses, divide each mass by the total and multiply by 100.

Question 19

Empirical Formula Formula

Answer 19

Divide the percent by the mass, take the smallest number and divide it into all other numbers, round to the nearest whole number, rewrite the formula.

Question 20

Molecular Formula

Answer 20

Find empirical formula molar mass, add the masses, divide the number given by the total, round to the nearest whole number, then multiply each charge by the whole number.

Question 21

Matter

Answer 21

has mass and volume

Question 22

mass

Answer 22

the measure of matter

Question 23

volume

Answer 23

takes up space

Question 24

hypothesis

Answer 24

testable educated guess

Question 25

quantitive

Answer 25

numbers

Question 26

atom

Answer 26

basic unit of matter