Chapter 9: 9.2 - Gas Exchange and Transport Flashcards
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure?
Each gas in a mixture exerts or applies its own pressure.
How much oxygen does it diffuse from the air into the lungs?
21.2 kPA
How much in the alveoli?
13.3 kPA
Where does arteries carry blood from?
The heart
Where does veins take blood back to?
The Heart
Who joins the arteries and the veins?
The Capillaries
What does oxygen diffuse into?
Cells
What does carbon dioxide diffuse out of?
Cells
How is the movement of oxygen?
atmosphere → alveoli → blood → dissolves in the plasma
Is Oxygen soluble in the blood?
It is not very soluble.
What is Hemoglobin?
Oxygen-carrying molecule in red blood cells.
What is Hemoglobin comprised of?
- Heme (iron-containing pigment)
- Globin - (protein component)
What is oxyhemoglobin?
When oxygen dissolves in the plasma, hemoglobin creates a weak bond with the oxygen molecule.
What is the Partial Pressure for the lungs?
13.3 kPA
What is the Partial Pressure for the Capillaries?
5.3 kPA
What happens if there is an decrease in partial pressure?
It causes dissociation or a split of oxygen from the hemoglobin and oxygen diffuses into the tissues.
How much hemoglobin is still saturated when blood goes back to the heart?
70%
What are the 3 methods for transporting carbon dioxide?
- Bicarbonate (HCO-3)
- Carbaminohemoglobin (HbCo2) (CO2 + Hb) = (HbCO2)
- Dissolves in plasma
What is Carbaminohemoglobin?
It is when 27% of the body’s carbon dioxide combines or merges with hemoglobin.
What is Carbonic Acid?
It is when the left over 64% of the body’s carbon dioxide combines or merges with water in the plasma.
- Reduces the concentration of plasma.n
What is Carbonic Anyhdrase?
It grows the rate of chemical reaction approximately 250 times.
What is Reduced Hemoglobin?
It’s when hydrogen combines with Hemoglobin.
What is the partial pressure from?
High partial pressure to low partial pressure
During exercise what happens?
- The cellular respiration grows, and then it carbon dioxide levels to grow.
- Stimulates chemical receptors in brainstem muscles.
- Increases breathing movements in order to flush CO2 from body.
What is partial pressure gradient?
When the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens across the capillaries.
How firm is carbonic acid?
It is not firm or unstable, what it does is that it dissociates bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions.
