Chapter 9

Question 1

What are the four components of human growth and development and give a brief summary for each.

Answer 1

Physical - the development of the body’s muscles, bones, etc.
Cognitive - Our ability to interpret and process information and the establishment of a person’s self-concept and self awareness.
Social - the development of relationships with peers, friends and others in the “outside world”
Emotional - Our ability to manage and regulate emotions

Question 2

What are the three concepts of age and what do they mean?

Answer 2

Chronological - Age measured in years, months and days
Skeletal Age - age indicated by the physical maturity of the skeleton
Developmental Age - Includes the interaction between the physical, cognitive, social and emotional development of an individual

Question 3

What are the four stages of development?

Answer 3

1) Infancy/Toddler Stage
- marks major development
2) The Childhood Stage
- the body begins to establish an important base of motor skills
3) The Puberty/Adolescence Stage
- a time of considerable psychological adjustment
4) The Adulthood Stage
- begin to experience physical changes such as higher blood pressure and weakening joints

Question 4

What is peak hight velocity

Answer 4

The measure of the maximum rate of growth stature (height)
Girls PHV - 8cm/year at age 12
Boys PHV - 10/cm at age 14

Question 5

What are the 5 factors which affect physical growth and development

Answer 5

• glands and hormonal activity
• heredity
• nutrition and diet
• physical activity
• sociocultural factors
  (YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN EACH)

Question 6

What are the physical activity requirements for youth

Answer 6

300 minutes/ week

Question 7

What are sociocultural factors?

Answer 7

They refer to influences within our communities and our society that encourages or discourages participation in physical activities and sport
ie. financial need, prejudice or discrimination, lack of access

Question 8

Explain the sensorimotor portion of Pidget’s model of cognitive development.

Answer 8

(0-2 years old; 1st stage)

- Individual begins to develop the ability to use memory to recall objects and events (event permanence)

Question 9

Explain the Pre-Operational portion of Pidget’s model of cognitive development.

Answer 9

(2-7 years old; 2nd stage)

• develops the beginning stages of language through the understanding of symbols
• significant growth in memory, imagination and linear thinking

Question 10

Explain the Concrete Operational portion of Pidget’s model of cognitive development.

Answer 10

(7-11 years old; 3rd stage)

• begins ordering and classifying based on appearance
• begins developing the ability to empathize
• develops a simplistic understanding of math, geometry and physics

Question 11

Explain the Formal Operation portion of Pidget’s model of cognitive development.

Answer 11

(11- 15 years old; 4th stage)

• Develops the ability to draw conclusions based on hypotheses rather than objects
• Adolescence egocentrism

Question 12

What is cognitive development?

Answer 12

Cognitive development refers to the gradual changes in a person’s information processing, conceptual ability, perception skills, language learning and other aspects of brain development.

Question 13

What is emotional and social development?

Answer 13

Social and emotional development refers to the process by which an individual forms social and emotional bonds with others throughout life while at the same time developing a sense of self.