Chapter 9 Flashcards
Intelligence test
Diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability
Abstract thinking
Capacity to understand hypothetical concepts
General intelligence
Hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people
Specific abilities
Particular ability level in a narrow domain
Fluid intelligence
Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems
Crystallized intelligence
Accumulated knowledge of the world acquired over time
Multiple intelligences
Idea that people very markedly and their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill
Triarchic model
Model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligence: analytical, practical, and creative
Stanford-Binet IQ test
Intelligence test based on the measured developed by Binet and Simon, adapted by Lewis terman of Stanford University
Intelligence quotient
Systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence
Mental age
Age corresponding to the average individuals performance on an intelligence test
Deviation IQ
Expression of a person’s IQ relative to his or her same age peers
Eugenics
Movement in the early 20th century to improve a population genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, preventing those with bad genes from reproducing, or both
Wechsler adult intelligence scale
Most widely used intelligence test for adults today, consisting of 15 subtests to assess different types of mental abilities
Culture Fair IQ test
Abstract reasoning measure that doesn’t depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests are
Bell curve
Distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores fall toward the middle, with progressively fewer scores toward the tails or extremes
Intellectual disability
Condition characterized by an onset before childhood, and IQ below about 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functioning
Flynn effect
Finding that States average IQ scores have been rising at a rate of approximately 3 points per decade
Within group heritability
Extent to which the variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced
Between group heritability
Extent to which differences in a trait between groups is genetically influenced
Test bias
Tendency of a test to predict outcomes better in one group than another
Stereotype threat
Fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype
Divergent thinking
Capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem
Convergent thinking
Capacity to generate the single best solution to a problem
Emotional intelligence
Ability to understand our own emotions and those of others and apply this information to our daily lives
Wisdom
Application of intelligence towards a common good
