Chapter 9 Flashcards
In stateless societies, gender stratification is often more obvious with regard to ________ than it is with regard to wealth.
prestige
Which term refers to the tasks and activities that a culture assigns by gender?
gender roles
According to cross-cultural data about the division of labor from 185 societies worldwide, certain tasks like working wood and making musical instruments are
culturally arbitrary
In most societies, ________ tend to be the main caregivers in terms of children.
women
Cross-culturally, ________ are much more likely to have multiple mates.
men
If a patriarchy is a political system ruled by men, what would a matriarchy be—a political system ruled by women? Anthropologist Peggy Reeves Sanday, who investigated these questions among the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, Indonesia, found that
the Minangkabau matriarchy is not the equivalent of female rule because of their belief that decision making should be by consensus.
Which of the following statements about groups with the patrilineal–patrilocal complex is FALSE?
Their land and prestige are passed through the females.
The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex are known as
gender roles
In ________ societies, gender stratification was most marked when men contributed much more to the diet than women did.
foraging
Which term refers to descent traced through women only?
matrilineal descent
Which term refers to male supremacy based on patrilineality, patrilocality, and warfare?
patrilineal–patrilocal complex
Which term refers to work at home versus more valued work outside the home?
domestic–public dichotomy
More than half the poor children living in the United States live in families that are
headed by women.
Both men and women
are constrained by their cultural training, stereotypes, and expectations of gender.
The increasing representation of women (and their children) among America’s poorest people is known as the
feminization of poverty.
