Chapter 1

Question 1

The four fields of anthropology include

Answer 1

cultural, archaeological, biological, and linguistic anthropology.

Question 2

Ethnology is

Answer 2

the study of sociocultural differences and similarities based on data gathered in different societies.

Question 3

Biological anthropology includes the study of

Answer 3

human genetics.

Question 4

Linguistic anthropology

Answer 4

studies language in its social and cultural context, across space and time.

Question 4

A __________ is a framework of logically connected ideas.

Answer 4

theory

Question 5

Applied anthropology

Answer 5

encompasses any use of the knowledge and/or techniques of its four subfields to identify, assess, and solve present-day problems.

Question 5

Based on his observation that contact between neighboring tribes had existed since humanity’s beginnings and covered enormous areas, Franz Boas argued that

Answer 5

cultures should not be treated as isolated phenomena.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes biological anthropology?

Answer 5

the study of human biological diversity

Question 5

refers to the application of anthropological data and methods to solve contemporary social problems

Answer 5

Applied anthropology

Question 5

Which of the following statements about theories is the most accurate?

Answer 5

Theories provide explanations for associations.

Question 5

As a field of study that is devoted to discovering, describing, understanding, appreciating, and explaining similarities and differences in time and space among humans and our ancestors, anthropology can be considered

Answer 5

a “humanistic science.”

Question 5

Paleoecology looks at the ecosystems of the past.

Answer 5

true

Question 5

The interests and methods of anthropology and sociology are now converging.

Answer 5

true

Question 5

Participation and achievement in sports are intrinsically motivated and are not influenced by cultural standards of attractiveness and propriety.

Answer 5

false

Question 5

The example of koro was used to describe

Answer 5

culturally specific syndromes.

Question 6

Which of the following perspectives emphasizes how cultural forces constantly mold human biology?

Answer 6

biocultural perspective

Question 6

A(n) __________ is a proposed explanation for an association and must be tested.

Answer 6

hypothesis

Question 6

What is the process by which children learn a particular cultural tradition?

Answer 6

enculturation

Question 6

The presence of more efficient respiratory systems to extract oxygen from the air among human populations living at high altitudes is an example of

Answer 6

long-term physiological adaptation.

Question 6

Which of the following dimensions were recognized by the American Anthropological Association when it formally acknowledged a public service role?

Answer 6

academic anthropology and applied anthropology

Question 6

How are the four subfields of U.S. anthropology unified?

Answer 6

Each subfield studies human variation through time and space.

Question 7

Which of the following statements takes a biocultural perspective?

Answer 7

A certain culture shuns athletics because a flabby body is considered attractive.

Question 7

Anthropology is a science, yet it has been suggested that anthropology is among the most humanistic of all academic fields. This is because

Answer 7

of its fundamental respect for human diversity.

Question 7

Anthropology is a uniquely holistic and comparative science.

Answer 7

true

Question 7

A biological anthropologist might study the field known as primatology.

Answer 7

true

Question 7

Applied anthropology encompasses any use of the knowledge and/or techniques of its four subfields to identify, assess, and solve theoretical problems.

Answer 7

false

Question 7

Archaeologists study only prehistoric communities.

Answer 7

false

Question 7

General anthropology refers to

Answer 7

anthropology as a whole, or “four-field anthropology.”

Question 7

Ethnography involves the collection of data that is used to create an account of a particular community, society, or culture.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

In the social sciences, explanations are usually probable rather than absolute.

Answer 8

true