Chapter 15

Question 1

Which term refers to attempts to not only understand but also find solutions to environmental problems?

Answer 1

environmental anthropology

Question 2

Which term refers to the spread of one dominant culture at the expense of others?

Answer 2

cultural imperialism

Question 2

In the country of ________, TV coverage stimulated increased participation in a traditional annual performance known as Chegança.

Answer 2

Brazil

Question 3

Which of the following describes the situation in today’s world with its dramatic increase of people on the move who have learned to manage multiple identities depending on place and context?

Answer 3

postmodernity

Question 4

Until the mid- to late 1980s, Latin American public discourse and state policies emphasized ________ and discouraged indigenous identification and mobilization.

Answer 4

assimilation

Question 4

The term “________” refers to the dangers that can affect all the people living on the planet

Answer 4

globalization of risk

Question 5

The terms autochthony and ________ originated in classical Greece.

Answer 5

indigenous

Question 6

The case of mestizos discussed in the chapter suggested that

Answer 6

identity is a fluid, dynamic process.

Question 6

Anthropology has always been concerned with how environmental forces influence humans, and how human activities affect the biosphere and the Earth itself. The 1950s through the 1970s witnessed the emergence of an area of study known as cultural ecology or ecological anthropology. This field

Answer 6

focused on how cultural beliefs and practices help human populations adapt to their environment.

Question 6

Westernization is a form of what kind of cultural change?

Answer 6

acculturation

Question 7

Scientists prefer the term ________ to global warming.

Answer 7

climate change

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the possible consequences experienced after the “shock phase” of an encounter between indigenous societies and more powerful outsiders?

Answer 7

a broad-spectrum revolution

Question 7

Cases of local communities using modern technology to preserve and revive their traditions

Answer 7

are becoming more common.

Question 8

Anthropology teaches us that the adaptive responses of humans can be more flexible than those of other species because our main adaptive means are

Answer 8

sociocultural.

Question 8

Global warming along with changing sea levels, precipitation, storms, and ecosystem effects describe

Answer 8

climate change.

Question 9

The last 30 years have seen a dramatic shift in the conditions of indigenous peoples in Latin America, where the push by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 9

an implicit call for excluding strangers.

Question 10

________ describes the process of viewing an identity as established, real, and frozen, so as to hide the historical processes and politics within which that identity developed.

Answer 10

Essentialism

Question 10

________ is any society’s set of environmental practices and perceptions.

Answer 10

Ethnoecology

Question 10

________ have helped in enlarging the markets for mass media and brands as they can target specific groups who have moved to different countries across the world.

Answer 10

Diasporas

Question 10

The most effective conservation strategies pay attention to the needs and wishes of the local people

Answer 10

true

Question 10

Development projects usually fail when they try to replace indigenous institutions with culturally alien concepts.

Answer 10

true

Question 11

The spread of environmentalism may expose radically different notions about the rights and values of plants and animals versus humans. Fortunately, it is clear to everyone that certain animal rights trump other rights.

Answer 11

false

Question 11

Forces influencing production and consumption are no longer restricted by national boundaries.

Answer 11

true

Question 12

Diaspora refers to the hegemonic policy of dominators to isolate individuals who publicly resist from the rest of the population

Answer 12

false

Question 13

In Latin America, the drive by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized their autochthony, with an implicit call for excluding strangers from their communities.

Answer 13

false

Question 13

Anthropologists are aware that foragers play a more important role in degrading the environment than farmers and herders, who produce food.

Answer 13

false

Question 13

The political meaning of the term globalization involves concepts such as ideology and policy.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

Which term refers to the study of cultural adaptations to environments?

Answer 14

ecological anthropology

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the key points of the American Anthropological Association’s “Statement on Humanity and Climate Change”?

Answer 14

Climate change should be addressed exclusively at the international and national levels.