Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

parental warmth

A

The degree to which parents are accepting, responsive, and compassionate with their children.

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2
Q

parental control

A

The degree to which parents set limits, enforce rules, and maintain discipline with children.

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3
Q

authoritative parents

A

Parents who are warm and exert firm control.

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4
Q

authoritarian parents

A

Parents who exert firm control but are rejecting or unresponsive to their children.

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5
Q

permissive parents

A

Parents who are warm but have little control over their children.

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6
Q

rejecting/neglecting parents

A

Parents who don’t set limits and are unresponsive to their children’s needs.

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7
Q

discipline

A

Techniques used to teach children appropriate behavior.

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8
Q

punishment

A

Techniques used to eliminate or reduce undesirable behavior.

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9
Q

gender cultures

A

Different spheres of influence based on the differences that exist between male and female playgroups and affiliations.

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10
Q

play

A

A pleasurable activity that is actively engaged in on a voluntary basis, is intrinsically motivated, and contains some nonliteral element.

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11
Q

sociodramacity play

A

Play that involves acting out different social rules or characters.

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12
Q

self

A

The characteristics, emotions, and beliefs people have about themselves, including an understanding that people are unique individuals.

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13
Q

I-self

A

The conscious awareness that you exist as a separate and unique person and that you can affect others.

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14
Q

me-self

A

What you know about yourself and how you describe yourself.

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15
Q

self-regulation

A

The ability to control our own thoughts, behaviors, and emotions and change them to meet the demands of the situation.

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16
Q

positive emotion bias

A

Tendency of children to report more positive than negative emotions.

17
Q

gender segregation

A

The tendency of children to associate with others of their same sex.

18
Q

gender constancy

A

The understanding that gender remains the same despite superficial changes in appearance or behavior.

19
Q

conscience

A

Ideas children have about right and wrong.

20
Q

morality

A

Knowing the difference between what is right and what is wrong and acting on that knowledge.

21
Q

moral reasoning

A

The ways in which people think about right and wrong.

22
Q

perspective taking

A

The ability to understand the psychological perspectives, motives, and needs of others.

23
Q

convention

A

A rule or practice that members of a social group agree to abide by in their behaviors, choices, and decisions.

24
Q

preconventional level

A

Level of moral reasoning where children do not yet understand that rules are social conventions; children accept the rules of powerful others.