Chapter 7 Flashcards
Malnutrition
Nutritional defficency caused by an inadequate intake of calories, protein, vitamins and minerals.
Kwashiorkor
Disease caused by a lack of protein in the diet. Children are severely malnourished, with a swollen belly.
Glial cells
Specialized cells in the nervious system that supports neurons in several ways.
Synaptic pruning
Process in which unused synapses are lost (pruned).
Experience-expectant development
Development of universal skills (such as hand-eye coordination) in which excess synapses form and are pruned according to experience.
Experience-dependent development
Development of specific skills (such as riding a skateboard) in which new synapses form to code the experience.
Infantile amnesia
Inability to remember things and events occuring before the age of 3 or 4.
Locomotor skills
Skills used to move around, such as walking, running, and climbing.
Palmar grasp
An immature grasp, holding the pencil in the palm and moving the whole arm to draw.
Mature tripod grasp
Placing the base of the hand on the writing surface for support, holding the pencil with the index finger and thumb, and moving the wrist along with finer movements in the fingers to guide the pencil more precicely.
Cerebral palsy
A serious disorder caused by damage to one or more areas of the brain that control muscle movement and coordination.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Federal law requiring that services be provided to assist all children with disabilities.
Child maltreatment
A general category including all situatuions in which parents or other persons in charge of a child’s well-being harm the child or otherwise neglect the childs needs.
Physical abuse
Abuse that causes physical harm to a child.
Neglect
Failure to provide for a child’s basic physical, educational, or physiological needs.
