CHAPTER 9 Flashcards
status
positions in society that are used to classify individuals
ascribed status
status that is given involuntarily
-Race, gender, family backround
Achieved status
gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices
Master status
status by which one is most identified; is pervasive in that persons life
Role
set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectation for those who hold the status
Role performance
carrying out of a behaviour associated with a given role
Role partner
person with whom one is interacting
role set
the various roles associated with a status
Role conclift
difficulty in satisfying the requirements or expectations of multiple roles
role strain
difficuly in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role
role exit
is the dropping of one identity for another
social group
consists of two or more people who share similar characteristics
dyad
two people
triad
three people
peer group
one that is defined by association of self-selected equals around similar interests…
family group
not self selected but determined at birth/adoption
In groups
groups to which an individual belongs to
out groups
individual competes or is in opposition
reference groups
groups that establish terms by which indivual evaluate themselves
primary groups
interactions are direct, with close nbonds, friend, family,…
secondary groups
interactions are superficial, with few emotional bonds
Gemeinschaft and Gesellshaft
two groups, community + society
Interaction process analysis
technique for observing, classifying, and measuring the interactions with small groups
group conformity
peer pressure”, tendency for people to bring behaviour to line with group norms. Powerful.
groupthink
occurs when maintaining harmony among group members is more important than carefully analyzing problem at hand. Happens in very cohesive, insulated groups
network
decribe the pattern of social relationships among individuals
network redundancy
is the degree to which your connections are connected to each other
Immediate networks
dense with strong ties
distant networks
looser and contain weaker ties
oragnizations
entities that are set up to achieve goals and are characterized by having a structure and a culture
Formal organizations
continue despite departure of a member
bureaucracy
rational system of political organization, administration, discipline and control
iron law of oligarchy
states that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group
McDonaldization
shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies
Appraisal model
accepts there are biologically predetemined expressions once an emotion is experienced, but that there is a cognitive antecedent to emotional expression
Social construction model
assumes there is no biological basis for emotion
display rule
cultural expectations of emotion
cultural syndrome
a shared set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, values, and behaviours
Impression management
refers to our attempts to influence how others perceive us
front stage
The front stage self encompasses the behavior a player (person) performs in front of an audience
Backstage
employed when players are together, but no audience is present.
communication
ability to convey information by speech, writing, signals, or behavior
Verbal communication
transmission of infromation via the use of words
Non verbal communication
how people communicate, intentionally or unintentionally
Animal behavior
behavior of one animal that affecrts the behavior of another
