chapter 8.1 8.2

Question 1

monoatomic

Answer 1

exist as a single atom (noble gases and helium)

Question 2

covalent bonds

Answer 2

atoms held together by sharing electrons

Question 3

molecule

Answer 3

a neutral group of atoms joined togeher by covalent bonds

Question 4

diatomic molecule

Answer 4

molecule consisting of two atoms (oxygen molecule)

Question 5

molecular compound

Answer 5

a compound composed of molecules

ex: water, carbon monoxide

Question 6

melting and boiling points of molecular compounds

Answer 6

lower than ionic compounds

Question 7

molecular formula

Answer 7

chemical formula of a molecular compound, shows how many atoms of each element a molecule contains

Question 8

ionic vs covalent

Answer 8

ionic is metal and nonmetal, covalent is nonmetal to nonmetal
ionic is formula unit/lowest whole number ratio, molecular formula shows how many atoms of each element

Question 9

why do covalent bonds have lower melting/boiling points

Answer 9

the covalent bonds are weaker

Question 10

why dont covalent bonds conduct electricity in water

Answer 10

they don’t dissociate into ions

Question 11

halogens form

Answer 11

single covalent bonds in their diamotic molecules

Question 12

diatomics

Answer 12

io2, h2, n2, f2, cl2, br2, i2

Question 13

unshared pair

Answer 13

a pair of valence electrons that is not shared between atoms

Question 14

when do atoms form double or triple bonds?

Answer 14

when they can attain a noble gas stucture by sharing two pairs of three pairs of electrons

Question 15

double covalent bond

Answer 15

two shared pairs

Question 16

triple covalent bonds

Answer 16

three shared pairs

Question 17

coordinate covalent bond

Answer 17

in which one atoms contrubutes both bonding electrons

Question 18

polyatomic

Answer 18

tightly bound group of atoms with a positive or negative charge that behaves as a unit

Question 19

resonance structure

Answer 19

structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot scturecutres that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion

Question 20

the octet rule cannot be satisfied

Answer 20

in molecules who have an odd number of valence electrons

Question 21

bond dissociation energy

Answer 21

the energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms

Question 22

how to calculate eneryg of a reaction

Answer 22

energy of the reactants minus energies of the products