ch 3 pt 2 Flashcards
who named radioactivity
marie curie
radiation
the pentrating rays and particles emitted by radioactive source
in nuclear reactions,
the nuclei become stable by undergoing changes
charateristics of nuclear reactions
elements are converted, protons/neutrons/electrons involved, absorbtion/release of energy, not affected by temp or pressure
alpha radiation
4 2 HE (two protons, two neutrons, double positive charge) least penetrating
beta radiation
an electron (negative) resulting from the breaking apart of a neutron
gamma radiation
high energy photon, no charge, no mass, most penetrating
which radiation results in the greatest change in atomic number
alpha
nuclear force
attractive force that acts between all nuclear particles
band of stability
of 1500 known nuclei, 264 are stable and do not decay
higher neutron to proton ratio
undergo beta emission
higher neutron to proton ratio
undergo either positron emission or electron capture
positron emission
a proton changes to a neutron (positron has the mass of an electron but a positive charge)`
transmutation
conversion of an atom of one element to an atom of another element
transmutation occurs when
radioactive decay, particles bombard the nucleus of an atom
