chapter 16

Question 1

factors that determine how fast a substance dissolves

Answer 1

stirring, temperature, surface area of dissolving particles

Question 2

why does striring affect dissolving

Answer 2

fresh solvent is continually brought into contact with the surface of the solute

Question 3

saturated solution

Answer 3

maximum amount of solute for a given quantity f solvent at a givern temperature and pressure

Question 4

unsaturated solution

Answer 4

contains less solute than a saurated solution at a given temp and pressure

Question 5

in a saturated solution,

Answer 5

the rate of dissolving equals the rate of crysallization

Question 6

solubility

Answer 6

amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specififc tem and pressure to produce a saturated solution

Question 7

solubility is expressed in

Answer 7

grams of solut eper 100 g of solvent

Question 8

miscible

Answer 8

if they dissolve in each other

Question 9

immiscible

Answer 9

if they are insoluble in each other

Question 10

oil and water are

Answer 10

immiscible

Question 11

the solubility of most solid substances

Answer 11

increases as the temp of the solvent increases

Question 12

the solubilites of mos gases are

Answer 12

greater in cold water tha in hot

Question 13

supersaturated solution

Answer 13

contains more solute than it can theorteically hold at a gven temperature

Question 14

what initiazes crystallisation in a saturated solution

Answer 14

a seed crystal

Question 15

gas solbuility increases as

Answer 15

the partial pressures of the gas increases

Question 16

concentration

Answer 16

a measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

Question 17

a dilute solution

Answer 17

contains a small amount of solute

Question 18

a concentrated solution

Answer 18

contains a large amount of solute

Question 19

molarity

Answer 19

number of moles of solute disslved in one liter solution

Question 20

diluting a solutiobn reduces the number of moles of solute per unit volume,

Answer 20

but the total number of moles of solute i solution does not change

Question 21

a property that depends only upon the number of solute particles and not upon their identity

Answer 21

colligative property

Question 22

three inprotant colligative proporties

Answer 22

vapor pressure lowering, boiling poin elvation freezing ppint depression

Question 23

in a pure solvent

Answer 23

equilibrium is estabkished between the liquid and the vapor

Question 24

in a solution, equlibrium is established at

Answer 24

a lower vapor pressure

Question 25

the decrease in a solutions vapor pressure is

Answer 25

proportional to the number of particles the solute makes in a solution

Question 26

freezing point depression

Answer 26

difference in temperature betweenthe freezing point of a soluton and the freezing pointof the pure solvent

Question 27

boiling point elevation

Answer 27

the difference in temperature btetween the boiling point of a solution and the boilign point of a pure solvent