13

Question 1

kinetic energy

Answer 1

the energy an object has because of its motion

Question 2

kinetic theory

Answer 2

all matter consists of tiny particles in constant motion

Question 3

kinetic theory components

Answer 3

particles in a gas are small, hard spheres
rapid constant random motion
collisions are perfectly elastic

Question 4

gas pressure

Answer 4

force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object

Question 5

vacuum

Answer 5

empty space with no particles and no pressure

Question 6

atmosphreic pressure

Answer 6

colliisons of atoms and molecules in air with objects

Question 7

barometer

Answer 7

device used to measure pressure

Question 8

si unit of pressure

Answer 8

pascal

Question 9

standard atmosphere

Answer 9

atm, pressure required to support 760 mm of mercury at 25 C

Question 10

conversions

Answer 10

1 atm = 760 mm hg = 101.3 kPa

Question 11

absolute zero

Answer 11

0K, -273.15 C where particles have no kinetic energy

Question 12

the kelvin temp of a substance

Answer 12

is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles of the substance

Question 13

fluids

Answer 13

substances that can flow

Question 14

vaporization

Answer 14

liquid to a gas

Question 15

evaporation

Answer 15

liqdui to a gas at the surface

Question 16

in a closed container,

Answer 16

molecules cannot escape and collet as a vapor above the liquid

Question 17

during evaporation,

Answer 17

only those moleciules with a certain minimum kinetic energy can escape from the surface

Question 18

vapor pressure

Answer 18

MEASURE of tje fprce exerted by a gas above a lquid

Question 19

in a system at constant vapor pressure

Answer 19

dynamic equilibrium exists between the vapor and the lidquid because the rate of evap equals rate of condens

Question 20

manometer

Answer 20

measures vapor pressure

Question 21

boiling

Answer 21

when a liquid is heated to a temp at which particles have enough energy to vaporize

Question 22

boiling point

Answer 22

temperature at which vapor pressure is equal to external pressure

Question 23

how does altitude affect boiling point

Answer 23

water boils at a lower temp at high ltitudes bc lower pressure

Question 24

normal boiling point

Answer 24

nboiling point of a liquid at 101.3 kPa

Question 25

melting point

Answer 25

temp at which a solid changes into a liquid

Question 26

crystal

Answer 26

particles arranged in an orderly, repeating, 3d pattern called a crystal lattice

Question 27

the shape of a crystal relfects

Answer 27

the arrangement of particles within the solid

Question 28

crystals are classified into

Answer 28

7 systems

Question 29

unit cell

Answer 29

smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric shape

Question 30

allotropes

Answer 30

two or more differnt molecular forms of the same elemtn in the same physical state

Question 31

example of an allotrope

Answer 31

carbon

Question 32

amorphous solid

Answer 32

lacks an ordered internal structure

Question 33

examples of amorphousolids

Answer 33

rubber, plastic, asphalt, glass

Question 34

glass

Answer 34

transparent fusion product or inorganic substances that have cooled to a riid state without crystalizing

Question 35

sublimation

Answer 35

solid to a vapor without liquid state

Question 36

phase diagram

Answer 36

graphc that gives the conditions of temp and pressure at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid or gas

Question 37

triple point

Answer 37

only set of condiiotn s at which 3 phases can exist in equilibrium